Fig. 10: High-temperature metal oxidation. | npj Computational Materials

Fig. 10: High-temperature metal oxidation.

From: Phase field modeling for the morphological and microstructural evolution of metallic materials under environmental attack

Fig. 10

Variations of oxide scale roughening for different eigenstrains (estimated from different PB ratio). a Oxide scale (hox) and b interface roughness (Ra) versus time. c Schematic of interference between neighboring oxide bumps as they grow. d Schematic of metal oxide growth in a gaseous environment. a–d are reproduced with permission from ref. 162, published by nature springer in 2020.

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