Fig. 6: Crystal orientation-dependent corrosion.

a Evolution of a pit in steel with a crystal-orientation dependence using a one-order parameter for all crystal orientations64. b MPF model simulations of crystal orientation-dependent corrosion in which each orientation is expressed by one order parameter80. a is reproduced with permission from ref. 64, published by Elsevier in 2016. b is reproduced with permission from ref. 80, published by nature springer in 2019.