Fig. 3: Schematic diagrams for the understanding of physical origin to achieve the specified properties of the nanocomposites.

a Landau free-energy curves with different CNb, b SFTS tensors component, and MT critical stress with different CNb, and c the ability that Nb-rich matrix inhibits the spread of martensite in fillers into matrix determined by FNb and MNb. d–r Local stress field on the [100] direction of Ti-Nb nanocomposites of different VF and different NF and s–u local stress field probability distribution with VF = 1.56, 6.28, 14.06, 25.00, and 39.06% for different NF.