Fig. 2: DFT formation energy \(E_{{\rm {f}}}\) of the 32 samples.
From: Design of refractory multi-principal-element alloys for high-temperature applications
Ames Lab (AL) A1–A8 (a), B1–B8 (b), C1–C8 (c), and D1–D8 (d). RT equivalent energy is denoted (horizontal dashed line) at 25 meV atom−1. Aluminum additions enhance MPEAs stability (\({E}_{\rm {{f}}}\) is more negative), while Cr decreases stability (\({E}_{\rm {{f}}}\) is less negative).
