Table 2 The representative properties selected by their correlation graphs for different types of MLIPs
Category | Error metric | All types | GAP | NNP | DeePMD | DeepPot-SE | SNAP | MTP |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EfDefect | \(\delta {E}_{{\rm{f}}}^{{\rm{vacancy}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
\(\delta {E}_{{\rm{f}}}^{{\rm{split}}- < 110 > }\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
\(\delta {E}_{{\rm{f}}}^{{\rm{tetrahedral}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
\(\delta {E}_{{\rm{f}}}^{{\rm{hexagonal}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
Elastic constants | \(\delta {C}_{11}^{{\rm{supercell}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
\(\delta {C}_{12}^{{\rm{supercell}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
\(\delta {C}_{44}^{{\rm{supercell}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
\(\delta {K}^{{\rm{supercell}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
\(\delta {C}_{11}^{{\rm{vacancy}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
\(\delta {C}_{12}^{{\rm{vacancy}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
\(\delta {C}_{44}^{{\rm{vacancy}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
\(\delta {K}^{{\rm{vacancy}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
\(\delta {C}_{11}^{{\rm{split}}- < 110 > }\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
\(\delta {C}_{12}^{{\rm{split}}- < 110 > }\) | ||||||||
\(\delta {C}_{44}^{{\rm{split}}- < 110 > }\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
\(\delta {K}^{{\rm{split}}- < 110 > }\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
\(\delta {C}_{11}^{{\rm{tetrahedral}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
\(\delta {C}_{12}^{{\rm{tetrahedral}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
\(\delta {C}_{44}^{{\rm{tetrahedral}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
\(\delta {K}^{{\rm{tetrahedral}}}\) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
\(\delta {C}_{11}^{{\rm{hexagonal}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
\(\delta {C}_{12}^{{\rm{hexagonal}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
\(\delta {C}_{44}^{{\rm{hexagonal}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
\(\delta {K}^{{\rm{hexagonal}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
Lattice parameter | \(\delta {a}^{{\rm{unit\; cell}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
\(\delta {a}^{{\rm{supercell}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
\(\delta {a}^{{\rm{vacancy}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
\(\delta {a}^{{\rm{split}}- < 110 > }\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
\(\delta {a}^{{\rm{tetrahedral}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
\(\delta {a}^{{\rm{hexagonal}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
Energy rankings | \({P}_{{\rm{ranking\; error}}}^{{\mathcal{D}}1}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Mean \({\Delta E}_{{\rm{DFT}}}^{{\mathcal{D}}1}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
Maximum \({\Delta E}_{{\rm{DFT}}}^{{\mathcal{D}}1}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
\({P}_{{\rm{ranking\; error}}}^{{\mathcal{D}}2}\) | 1 | |||||||
Mean \({\Delta E}_{{\rm{DFT}}}^{{\mathcal{D}}2}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Maximum \({\Delta E}_{{\rm{DFT}}}^{{\mathcal{D}}2}\) | 1 | |||||||
\({P}_{{\rm{ranking\; error}}}^{{\mathcal{D}}3}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Mean \({\Delta E}_{{\rm{DFT}}}^{{\mathcal{D}}3}\) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
Maximum \({\Delta E}_{{\rm{DFT}}}^{{\mathcal{D}}3}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
\({P}_{{\rm{ranking\; error}}}^{{\mathcal{D}}4}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
Mean \({\Delta E}_{{\rm{DFT}}}^{{\mathcal{D}}4}\) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
Maximum \({\Delta E}_{{\rm{DFT}}}^{{\mathcal{D}}4}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
REs | \(\Delta {NAC}({{\rm{\delta }}}_{{\rm{\theta }}},{{\mathcal{D}}}^{{\rm{RE}}-{\rm{I}}})\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
\(\Delta {NAC}\left({|\delta }_{{\rm{F}}},|,,{{\mathcal{D}}}^{{\rm{RE}}-{\rm{I}}}\right)\) | ||||||||
\(\Delta {NAC}({{\rm{\delta }}}_{{\rm{\theta }}},{{\mathcal{D}}}^{{\rm{RE}}-{\rm{V}}})\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
\(\Delta {NAC}({\rm{|}}{\delta }_{{\rm{F}}}|,{{\mathcal{D}}}^{{\rm{RE}}-{\rm{V}}})\) | 1 | |||||||
\({\sigma }_{{\rm{E}}}^{{\rm{RE}}-{\rm{I}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
\({\sigma }_{{\rm{F}}}^{{\rm{RE}}-{\rm{I}}}\) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
\({\sigma }_{{\rm{E}}}^{{\rm{RE}}-{\rm{V}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
\({\sigma }_{{\rm{F}}}^{{\rm{RE}}-{\rm{V}}}\) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
E & F RMSEs | \({\sigma }_{{\rm{E}}}^{{\rm{enhanced}}-{\rm{I}}}\) | 1 | 1 | |||||
\({\sigma }_{{\rm{F}}}^{{\rm{enhanced}}-{\rm{I}}}\) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
\({\sigma }_{{\rm{E}}}^{{\rm{enhanced}}-{\rm{V}}}\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
\({\sigma }_{{\rm{F}}}^{{\rm{enhanced}}-{\rm{V}}}\) | ||||||||
Thermal properties | \(\delta {E}_{{\rm{free}}}^{{\rm{bulk}}}\left(T\right)\) | 1 | 1 | |||||
\(\delta {S}^{{\rm{bulk}}}(T)\) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
\(\delta {c}^{{\rm{bulk}}}(T)\) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
\(\delta {E}_{{\rm{free}}}^{{\rm{vacancy}}}(T)\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
\(\delta {S}^{{\rm{vacancy}}}(T)\) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
\(\delta {c}^{{\rm{vacancy}}}(T)\) | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
Total | 60 | 21 | 37 | 30 | 46 | 31 | 29 | 29 |