Fig. 6: The validation of model by experiments.

a–c The photoluminescence and excitation spectra of the as-prepared samples. d The percent error between the measured and predicted values of EPW for the samples. e The changing trends of the predicted and the measured EPWs for Samples 7–9: Lu2.5Mg0.5In2Ga2.5Ge0.5O12, Samples 10–12: Lu2CaAl2Ga2GeO12, and Samples 13, 14: Y2.5Sr0.5In2Ga2.5Si0.5O12 with different DCs. f The temperature dependence of luminescence intensities normalized according to those at room temperature.