Fig. 4: Ferroelectric polarization effects on magnetic orders in the heterostructure.
From: \(\widehat{P}\widehat{{T}}\) symmetry controlled magnetic order switching
a Schematic structure of In2Se3/MSS-5L/In2Se3 vdW heterostructure. The yellow arrows indicate the magnetic moment directions of the Mn atom, and blue ones represent the direction of electric polarization. b Band structure of In2Se3/MSS-5L/In2Se3 heterojunction with electric polarization of both top and bottom In2Se3 layer pointing upwards (+PP) or downwards (−PP). c Berry curvatures of the +PP and −PP states calculated at energy level of E − Ef = 0.05 eV (Ef is the Fermi level), respectively. d Anomalous Hall conductivities of the +PP and −PP states calculated at energy level of E − Ef = 0.05 eV (Ef is the Fermi level), respectively. e Energy barriers for the flipping of electric polarizations in In2Se3.
