Fig. 2: Influence of cumulative uncertainty threshold on the interleaved PBDL predictions.

Illustration of interleaved PBDL framework predictions of microstructurally small crack growth over eight increments (k) within a 3D polycrystalline microstructure. A representative micromechanical field used for making forward predictions is overlaid at each increment. a Fields not updated after k = 0 (i.e., deep-learning-only case), b threshold T1 resulting in micromechanical field update at k = 4 (refer to Supplementary Movie 1 for an animated version), and c threshold T2 resulting in micromechanical field updates at k = 2, k = 4, and k = 6. In each cut-plane view, the predicted crack trajectory from the PBDL framework (in white) is overlaid with the corresponding reference trajectory from physics-based simulations (in black) for visual comparison.