Table 2 Some insights into human biology from initiatives prioritizing inclusion of participants of African ancestry.

Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed)

Serum lipids¹¹¹

Lipoprotein(a)¹¹²

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease¹¹³

Rh antigens¹¹⁴

Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology II (PAGE II) study

Adiposity traits^115,116,117

Serum lipids¹¹⁸

Glycemic traits¹¹⁹

QT interval¹²⁰

Age of reproductive events among women¹²¹

C-reactive protein¹²²

Blood pressure¹²³

Complex traits¹⁰⁷

The Million Veteran’s Program (MVP)

Serum lipids¹²⁴

Blood pressure¹⁰⁸

CHARGE Gene–Lifestyle Interactions¹²⁵

Blood pressure^109,126,127

Serum lipids^128,129,130

The Consortium on Asthma among African-ancestry Populations in the Americas (CAAPA)

Understanding of genetic diversity among individuals with African ancestry^131,132

asthma risk¹³³

MalariaGEN

Severe malaria risk¹³⁴

Cerebral malaria and alphathalassemia¹³⁵

Malaria resistance¹³⁶

G6PD and malaria risk¹³⁷

Population genetics^138,139