Table 3 Significantly enriched gene sets across all tissues in the TWAS of ACT.

From: Transcriptome-wide association study uncovers the role of essential genes in anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity

Gene set

Mean Z2 (gene set)

Mean Z2 (all genes)

P valuea

Publicly-available gene sets

 Essential in mice

0.86

0.82

2.00 × 10−7

 Essential in culture

0.96

0.82

0.04

 Human LoF intolerant

0.86

0.81

1.36 × 10−5

Cardiotoxic/cardioprotective gene sets

 ATRA (downregulated)

0.90

0.82

1.35 × 10−3

 Cluster 5b

0.87

0.82

3.60 × 10−4

  1. LoF loss of function, ATRA all-trans retinoic acid.
  2. aBonferroni adjusted.
  3. bDescribed by Knowles et al.16
  4. These analyses reveal the importance of essential genes in mice, culture, and humans, as well as those related to cardiotoxic/cardioprotective agents.
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