Fig. 3: Gene expression profiling and integrated functional network analyses.

a Heatmap of differentially expressed mRNAs that survived FDR ≤ 0.05 and FC ≥ 2.0. b Heatmap of log2 normalized counts for miRNAs that survived P ≤ 0.05 and FC ≥ 2.5. For each gene in a or b, the mean of the control group was subtracted. Hierarchical clustering was performed for the heatmaps. c Dot plot showing the functional annotation of overlapping Reactome signaling pathways in both GBM blood RNA-seq results and GBM tissue datasets. The x-axis is the −log10 q-value for each pathway. The red dotted line represents the −log10 transformed q-values (FDR) of 0.1. d Network connecting DEGs and major overlapping pathways shown in a. e DEG enrichment analysis using the modular enrichment method. The proportions of DEGs in modules are indicated by a color gradient ranging from blue (100% of transcripts decreased) to red (100% of transcripts increased). C control, P GBM patient.