Table 1 Comparison of clinical variables between subgroups of Turner syndrome and controls in the genomic cohort
From: Elevated levels of neutrophils with a pro-inflammatory profile in Turner syndrome across karyotypes
TS,other karyotypes | TS,45X | TS (all) | 46,XX | TS,other vs TS,45X | TS,other vs 46,XX | TS,45X vs 46,XX | TS (all) vs 46,XX | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 49.2 (8.8) | 46.5 (10.0) | 47.6 (9.5) | 46.7 (12.8) | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
Anthropometry | ||||||||
Height (cm) | 146.0 (6.8) | 147.7 (7.0) | 147.2 (6.9) | 170.5 (5.6) | 0.5 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
Weight (kg) | 57.3 (15.2) | 63.1 (12.4) | 61.2 (13.5) | 71.9 (11.8) | 0.2 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.7 (5.7) | 29.0 (5.9) | 28.2 (5.8) | 24.8 (4.2) | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
Hip (cm) | 95.2 (12.1) | 99.6 (10.6) | 98.2 (11.2) | 100.8 (8.6) | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Waist (cm) | 80.1 (14.5) | 86.4 (12.4) | 84.3 (13.24) | 78.4 (12.0) | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.07 | 0.07 |
Waist-Hip-Ratio | 0.84 (0.07) | 0.87 (0.06) | 0.86 (0.07) | 1.30 (0.12) | 0.1 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
Lipids | ||||||||
LDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 2.56 (0.87) | 2.75 (0.68) | 2.68 (0.75) | 2.63 (1.01) | 0.5 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.90 (0.59) | 1.77 (0.52) | 1.81 (0.54) | 1.72 (0.39) | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 4.91 (0.97) | 5.02 (0.77) | 4.98 (0.83) | 4.75 (1.09) | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.09 | 0.09 |
Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 0.95 (0.24) | 1.08 (0.63) | 1.03 (0.53) | 0.88 (0.30) | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
Biochemistry | ||||||||
Hemoglobin (mmol/l) | 8.51 (0.83) | 8.67 (0.66) | 8.62 (0.72) | 8.39 (0.47) | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
Alaninine transaminase (U/l) | 39.5 (21.7) | 36.3 (29.5) | 37.4 (26.9) | 17.1 (4.2) | 0.2 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
Albumin (µmol/l) | 38.4 (4.1) | 36.0 (3.3) | 36.8 (3.7) | 37.6 (2.6) | 0.05 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
Alkaline phosphatase (U/l) | 93.8 (35.3) | 92.4 (40.6) | 92.9 (38.5) | 58.0 (17.3) | 0.7 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
Calcium (mmol/l) | 2.34 (0.12) | 2.30 (0.11) | 2.31 (0.11) | 2.33 (0.10) | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
Creatinine (µmol/l) | 64.4 (12.3) | 60.4 (8.4) | 61.7 (10.0) | 74.4 (8.9) | 0.3 | 0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 37.8 (5.2) | 37.0 (5.6) | 37.3 (5.4) | 34.3 (3.3) | 0.7 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.08 |
Potassium (mmol/l) | 3.91 (0.26) | 3.89 (0.33) | 3.90 (0.30) | 3.99 (0.38) | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Sodium (mmol/l) | 141.1 (2.8) | 140.8 (2.6) | 140.9 (2.6) | 140.5 (1.4) | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Blood cells | ||||||||
Leukocytes (10^9/l) | 5.66 (0.82) | 6.18 (1.58) | 6.00 (1.38) | 5.58 (1.36) | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Thrombocyte (10^9/l) | 256.7 (61.3) | 245.1 (64.5) | 249.1 (63.0) | 232.1 (39.8) | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Vasculature | ||||||||
Systolic day (mmHg) | 126.3 (16.4) | 120.5 (12.8) | 122.4 (14.2) | 120.3 (10.9) | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Systolic night (mmHg) | 109.9 (15.3) | 103.0 (11.6) | 105.2 (13.1) | 102.1 (11.2) | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Systolic 24 h (mmHg) | 121.2 (15.7) | 114.9 (12.0) | 116.9 (13.4) | 114.4 (11.2) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Diastolic day (mmHg) | 77.6 (12.4) | 78.6 (12.0) | 78.3 (12.0) | 76.0 (5.1) | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Diastolic_night (mmHg) | 65.9 (11.3) | 65.8 (9.0) | 65.8 (9.7) | 61.1 (5.5) | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.08 | 0.08 |
Diastolic 24 h (mmHg) | 74.1 (12.1) | 74.4 (10.5) | 74.3 (10.9) | 71.3 (5.4) | 0.9 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Mean arterial pressure day (mmHg) | 94.2 (11.7) | 93.0 (11.6) | 93.4 (11.5) | 90.8 (6.4) | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Mean arterial pressure night (mmHg) | 81.2 (10.8) | 79.2 (9.6) | 79.9 (9.9) | 75.5 (6.9) | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Mean arterial pressue 24 h (mmHg) | 90.2 (11.4) | 88.4 (10.4) | 89.0 (10.6) | 85.8 (6.7) | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Heart rate day (beats/min) | 73.5 (9.0) | 75.0 (11.1) | 74.5 (10.4) | 70.4 (6.5) | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.06 | 0.06 |
Heart rate night (beats/min) | 68.0 (8.9) | 66.4 (8.2) | 66.9 (8.4) | 59.2 (7.7) | 0.6 | 0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
Heart rate 24 h (beats/min) | 71.9 (8.6) | 72.2 (9.9) | 72.1 (9.4) | 66.7 (6.2) | 0.9 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
Arterial malformation (yes/no - percentage) | 0.18 (0.40) | 0.17 (0.39) | 0.18 (0.39) | 0.00 (0.00) | 1.0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Cardio | ||||||||
Aorta ascending distensibility (mmHg−1) | 00.0037 (0.0022)) | 0.0036 (0.0019) | 0.0037 (0.0020) | 0.0042 (0.0014) | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.06 | 0.06 |
Aorta arch distensibility (mmHg−1) | 0.0039 (0.0013) | 0.0039 (0.0017) | 0.0039 (0.0016) | 0.0037 (0.0014) | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
Aorta descending distensibility (mmHg−1) | 0.0036 (0.0014) | 0.0034 (0.0010) | 0.0034 (0.0012) | 0.0043 (0.0011) | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
Left ventricular mass (g) | 128.7 (51.6) | 139.0 (33.5) | 134.8 (41.6) | 146.3 (32.6) | 0.1 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.06 |
Ejection fraction % | 65.8 (7.6) | 63.8 (4.9) | 64.6 (6.1) | 66.2 (4.5) | 0.4 | 1.0 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
E/A ratio | 1.38 (0.36) | 1.24 (0.38) | 1.29 (0.38) | 1.52 (0.44) | 0.09 | 0.4 | 0.03 | 0.03 |
ECG-QTc (ms) | 0.42 (0.03) | 0.43 (0.03) | 0.43 (0.03) | 0.39 (0.02) | 0.4 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 |