Table 1 Comparison of clinical variables between subgroups of Turner syndrome and controls in the genomic cohort

From: Elevated levels of neutrophils with a pro-inflammatory profile in Turner syndrome across karyotypes

 

TS,other karyotypes

TS,45X

TS (all)

46,XX

TS,other vs TS,45X

TS,other vs 46,XX

TS,45X vs 46,XX

TS (all) vs 46,XX

Age (years)

49.2 (8.8)

46.5 (10.0)

47.6 (9.5)

46.7 (12.8)

0.3

0.5

0.8

0.8

Anthropometry

 Height (cm)

146.0 (6.8)

147.7 (7.0)

147.2 (6.9)

170.5 (5.6)

0.5

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

 Weight (kg)

57.3 (15.2)

63.1 (12.4)

61.2 (13.5)

71.9 (11.8)

0.2

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

 BMI (kg/m2)

26.7 (5.7)

29.0 (5.9)

28.2 (5.8)

24.8 (4.2)

0.3

0.3

0.01

0.01

 Hip (cm)

95.2 (12.1)

99.6 (10.6)

98.2 (11.2)

100.8 (8.6)

0.2

0.1

0.3

0.3

 Waist (cm)

80.1 (14.5)

86.4 (12.4)

84.3 (13.24)

78.4 (12.0)

0.2

0.7

0.07

0.07

 Waist-Hip-Ratio

0.84 (0.07)

0.87 (0.06)

0.86 (0.07)

1.30 (0.12)

0.1

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

Lipids

 LDL cholesterol (mmol/l)

2.56 (0.87)

2.75 (0.68)

2.68 (0.75)

2.63 (1.01)

0.5

0.9

0.3

0.3

 HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)

1.90 (0.59)

1.77 (0.52)

1.81 (0.54)

1.72 (0.39)

0.5

0.6

0.9

0.9

 Total cholesterol (mmol/l)

4.91 (0.97)

5.02 (0.77)

4.98 (0.83)

4.75 (1.09)

0.7

0.4

0.09

0.09

 Triglycerides (mmol/l)

0.95 (0.24)

1.08 (0.63)

1.03 (0.53)

0.88 (0.30)

0.9

0.5

0.4

0.4

Biochemistry

 Hemoglobin (mmol/l)

8.51 (0.83)

8.67 (0.66)

8.62 (0.72)

8.39 (0.47)

0.7

0.2

0.05

0.05

 Alaninine transaminase (U/l)

39.5 (21.7)

36.3 (29.5)

37.4 (26.9)

17.1 (4.2)

0.2

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

 Albumin (µmol/l)

38.4 (4.1)

36.0 (3.3)

36.8 (3.7)

37.6 (2.6)

0.05

0.5

0.4

0.4

 Alkaline phosphatase (U/l)

93.8 (35.3)

92.4 (40.6)

92.9 (38.5)

58.0 (17.3)

0.7

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

 Calcium (mmol/l)

2.34 (0.12)

2.30 (0.11)

2.31 (0.11)

2.33 (0.10)

0.3

0.8

0.6

0.6

 Creatinine (µmol/l)

64.4 (12.3)

60.4 (8.4)

61.7 (10.0)

74.4 (8.9)

0.3

0.01

<0.01

<0.01

 HbA1c (mmol/mol)

37.8 (5.2)

37.0 (5.6)

37.3 (5.4)

34.3 (3.3)

0.7

0.09

0.08

0.08

 Potassium (mmol/l)

3.91 (0.26)

3.89 (0.33)

3.90 (0.30)

3.99 (0.38)

0.4

0.4

0.1

0.1

 Sodium (mmol/l)

141.1 (2.8)

140.8 (2.6)

140.9 (2.6)

140.5 (1.4)

0.6

0.2

0.3

0.3

Blood cells

 Leukocytes (10^9/l)

5.66 (0.82)

6.18 (1.58)

6.00 (1.38)

5.58 (1.36)

0.5

0.6

0.2

0.2

 Thrombocyte (10^9/l)

256.7 (61.3)

245.1 (64.5)

249.1 (63.0)

232.1 (39.8)

0.6

0.2

0.2

0.2

Vasculature

 Systolic day (mmHg)

126.3 (16.4)

120.5 (12.8)

122.4 (14.2)

120.3 (10.9)

0.3

0.3

0.5

0.5

 Systolic night (mmHg)

109.9 (15.3)

103.0 (11.6)

105.2 (13.1)

102.1 (11.2)

0.2

0.1

0.3

0.3

 Systolic 24 h (mmHg)

121.2 (15.7)

114.9 (12.0)

116.9 (13.4)

114.4 (11.2)

0.2

0.2

0.5

0.5

 Diastolic day (mmHg)

77.6 (12.4)

78.6 (12.0)

78.3 (12.0)

76.0 (5.1)

0.8

0.7

0.3

0.3

 Diastolic_night (mmHg)

65.9 (11.3)

65.8 (9.0)

65.8 (9.7)

61.1 (5.5)

0.9

0.2

0.08

0.08

 Diastolic 24 h (mmHg)

74.1 (12.1)

74.4 (10.5)

74.3 (10.9)

71.3 (5.4)

0.9

0.4

0.2

0.2

 Mean arterial pressure day (mmHg)

94.2 (11.7)

93.0 (11.6)

93.4 (11.5)

90.8 (6.4)

0.8

0.4

0.3

0.3

 Mean arterial pressure night (mmHg)

81.2 (10.8)

79.2 (9.6)

79.9 (9.9)

75.5 (6.9)

0.6

0.2

0.1

0.1

 Mean arterial pressue 24 h (mmHg)

90.2 (11.4)

88.4 (10.4)

89.0 (10.6)

85.8 (6.7)

0.7

0.2

0.2

0.2

 Heart rate day (beats/min)

73.5 (9.0)

75.0 (11.1)

74.5 (10.4)

70.4 (6.5)

0.7

0.3

0.06

0.06

 Heart rate night (beats/min)

68.0 (8.9)

66.4 (8.2)

66.9 (8.4)

59.2 (7.7)

0.6

0.01

<0.01

<0.01

 Heart rate 24 h (beats/min)

71.9 (8.6)

72.2 (9.9)

72.1 (9.4)

66.7 (6.2)

0.9

0.07

0.01

0.01

 Arterial malformation (yes/no - percentage)

0.18 (0.40)

0.17 (0.39)

0.18 (0.39)

0.00 (0.00)

1.0

0.2

0.2

0.2

Cardio

 Aorta ascending distensibility (mmHg−1)

00.0037 (0.0022))

0.0036 (0.0019)

0.0037 (0.0020)

0.0042 (0.0014)

0.8

0.1

0.06

0.06

 Aorta arch distensibility (mmHg−1)

0.0039 (0.0013)

0.0039 (0.0017)

0.0039 (0.0016)

0.0037 (0.0014)

1.0

0.8

0.7

0.7

 Aorta descending distensibility (mmHg−1)

0.0036 (0.0014)

0.0034 (0.0010)

0.0034 (0.0012)

0.0043 (0.0011)

0.5

0.2

0.01

0.01

 Left ventricular mass (g)

128.7 (51.6)

139.0 (33.5)

134.8 (41.6)

146.3 (32.6)

0.1

0.04

0.06

0.06

 Ejection fraction %

65.8 (7.6)

63.8 (4.9)

64.6 (6.1)

66.2 (4.5)

0.4

1.0

0.2

0.2

 E/A ratio

1.38 (0.36)

1.24 (0.38)

1.29 (0.38)

1.52 (0.44)

0.09

0.4

0.03

0.03

 ECG-QTc (ms)

0.42 (0.03)

0.43 (0.03)

0.43 (0.03)

0.39 (0.02)

0.4

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

  1. Data is presented as mean (standard deviation). The Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Student’s t-test were used for comparison. Arterial malformation includes bicuspid aortic valve, elongated transverse aortic arch, and coarctation of the aorta.
  2. ECG Electrocardiogram.