Fig. 5: Influence of microgravity on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. | npj Microgravity

Fig. 5: Influence of microgravity on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation.

From: Feasibility, potency, and safety of growing human mesenchymal stem cells in space for clinical application

Fig. 5

sMSC and gMSC cultures were stained with Alizarin Red and Oil Red O (a). Each condition was seeded and measure in triplicates. Representative pictures (×100) are shown from post-flight MSC culture in a growth medium or differentiation medium after 2-week culture expansion at ISS or ground (Earth). Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of osteogenic (COL1A1, RunX2) and adipogenic (CEBPB) genes was done after 21 days in differentiation medium (b). RNA from three 1-week and 2-week MSC cultures were used for quantitative PCR analysis. Gene expression was normalized to GAPDH. Statistics determined by one-way ANOVA (n = 3). Error bars represent standard deviation (SD). Scale bar: 100 µm.

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