Table 2 Bone microstructural morphometry assessed by μCT in partial weight-bearing skeletal sites.

From: Analysis of the effects of spaceflight and local administration of thrombopoietin to a femoral defect injury on distal skeletal sites

 

Earth

Flight

 

Saline

TPO

Saline

TPO

L4

TV (mm3)

0.950 ± 0.245

1.062 ± 0.053

1.110 ± 0.086

1.042 ± 0.062

BV (mm3)

0.181 ± 0.066

0.202 ± 0.029

0.176 ± 0.024

0.184 ± 0.023

BV/TV (%)

18.516 ± 4.072

19.031 ± 2.878

15.865 ± 1.510

17.637 ± 1.566

BS/BV (%)

70.457 ± 10.017

72.244 ± 8.310

78.063 ± 4.077

79.384 ± 13.137

Tb.Th (mm)

0.048 ± 0.006

0.048 ± 0.006

0.045 ± 0.004

0.044 ± 0.003

Tb.Sp (mm)

0.200 ± 0.006*’

0.193 ± 0.008

0.210 ± 0.016

0.184 ± 0.029

Tb.N (1/mm)

3.777 ± 0.395*

3.963 ± 0.195

3.501 ± 0.176

3.983 ± 0.406a

SMI

1.274 ± 0.114

1.170 ± 0.062

1.222 ± 0.105

1.401 ± 0.441

Conn.D (1/µm3)

0.178 ± 0.079*,#’,Ψ

0.052 ± 0.004a

0.050 ± 0.008b

0.074 ± 0.065

Trabecular humerus

TV (mm3)

0.659 ± 0.052

0.709 ± 0.031a

0.661 ± 0.052

0.655 ± 0.031b

BV (mm3)

0.083 ± 0.033

0.112 ± 0.037a’

0.074 ± 0.029

0.088 ± 0.019

BV/TV (%)

12.603 ± 5.249

15.658 ± 4.763

11.312 ± 4.635

13.484 ± 2.806

BS/BV (%)

68.294 ± 9.754

62.610 ± 4.915

66.825 ± 10.167

65.999 ± 4.618

Tb.Th (mm)

0.062 ± 0.006

0.065 ± 0.004

0.063 ± 0.007

0.064 ± 0.003

Tb.Sp (mm)

0.240 ± 0.043*

0.217 ± 0.026

0.274 ± 0.059

0.212 ± 0.023a

Tb.N (1/mm)

1.962 ± 0.705

2.364 ± 0.583

1.739 ± 0.589

2.100 ± 0.383

SMI

2.585 ± 0.218

2.434 ± 0.184

2.586 ± 0.142

2.594 ± 0.100b

Conn.D (1/μm3)

0.282 ± 0.139*,#

0.394 ± 0.168

0.181 ± 0.087

0.283 ± 0.095a

Cortical humerus

T.Ar (mm2)

0.913 ± 0.048

0.900 ± 0.043

0.946 ± 0.028

0.912 ± 0.047

B.Ar (mm2)

0.548 ± 0.041

0.530 ± 0.046

0.544 ± 0.030

0.537 ± 0.040

M.Ar (mm2)

0.365 ± 0.028#,Ψ’

0.371 ± 0.017

0.403 ± 0.033b

0.375 ± 0.012a

B.Ar/T.Ar (%)

60.015 ± 2.632

58.633 ± 2.726

57.459 ± 2.967b’

58.797 ± 1.652

Ct.Th (mm)

0.181 ± 0.013

0.174 ± 0.014

0.176 ± 0.012

0.177 ± 0.011

  1. Values are expressed as mean ± SD. TV: tissue volume, BV: bone volume; BV/TV: bone volume fraction; BS/BV: specific bone surface; Tb.Th: trabecular thickness; Tb.Sp: trabecular separation; Tb.N: trabecular number; SMI: structure model index; Conn.D: connectivity density; T.Ar: tissue area; B.Ar: bone area; M.Ar: marrow area; B.Ar/T.Ar: bone area fraction; Ct.Th: average cortical thickness. Sample sizes for L4 are n = 5 for all groups, with the exception of Saline+Flight, n = 4. For humerus sample sizes are n = 10, with the exception of TPO + Earth, n = 5. Significant interactions were detected by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post-hoc analyses and were designated by * when a significant main effect of TPO was detected (or a trend towards significance designated by *’ when p < 0.09); by # when a significant main effect of microgravity was detected (or a trend towards significance designated by #’ when p < 0.09); or by Ψ when a significant TPO × microgravity interaction was detected (or a trend towards significance designated by Ψ’ when p < 0.09). Significant differences were also based on: (1) TPO treatment (e.g., TPO + Earth versus Saline + Earth or TPO + Flight versus Saline + Flight, designated by a when p < 0.05 indicating a significant difference; or (2) microgravity exposure with or without treatment (e.g., Saline + Earth versus Saline + Flight or TPO + Earth versus TPO + Fight, designated by b when p < 0.05 indicating a significant difference or b’ when p < 0.09 indicating a trend towards significant difference).
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