Fig. 5: Circulation-deformation map.
From: Equivalence of sessile droplet dynamics under periodic and steady electric fields

Zero circulation line and zero deformation curve in ε − σ space for Oc = 10 (filled circles) and Oc = 0.01 (filled squares) for AC electric forcing with Ω = π/50. The corresponding DC field result is shown by the dashed magenta line. Note that in the DC case, the zero deformation curve is independent of Oc.