Table 5 Average dietary intake before, during, and after strict head-down tilt bed rest with or without CO2 exposure.
From: Bone metabolism during strict head-down tilt bed rest and exposure to elevated levels of ambient CO2
Control Pre (n = 8) | Control Bed Rest (n = 8) | Control Post 60 Days (n = 8) | CO2 Pre (n = 11) | CO2 Bed Rest (n = 11) | CO2 Post 30 Days (n = 11) | Requirementsa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total Energy (kcal/d) | 2740 ± 352 | 2430 ± 334 | 2810 ± 362 | 2530 ± 339 | 2040 ± 300 | 2450 ± 373 | |
Protein (g/kg BW/d) | 1.20 ± 0.01 | 1.17 ± 0.04 | 1.19 ± 0.03 | 1.20 ± 0.03 | 1.19 ± 0.04 | 1.20 ± 0.06 | 1.2 |
Protein (% of total energy) | 14.1 ± 1.5 | 15.6 ± 1.7 | 13.7 ± 1.7 | 14.2 ± 1.0 | 17.4 ± 1.5 | 14.5 ± 1.3 | |
Total fat (% of total energy) | 32.2 ± 0.3 | 31.6 ± 0.7 | 32.3 ± 0.9 | 33.1 ± 0.9 | 32.5 ± 1.0 | 33.0 ± 0.9 | 30–35 |
Carbohydrates (% of total energy) | 50.9 ± 1.4 | 50.0 ± 1.6 | 51.1 ± 1.5 | 52.7 ± 1.3 | 50.1 ± 1.8 | 52.5 ± 1.5 | 50–60 %TEEb |
Fluid (ml/d) | 4000 ± 580 | 4030 ± 497 | 4640 ± 552 | 3580 ± 366 | 3560 ± 373 | 4080 ± 633 | |
Fluid (ml/kg BW/d) | 50.5 ± 1.3 | 51.0 ± 3.4 | 58.8 ± 3.2 | 50.6 ± 2.4 | 50.5 ± 3.2 | 57.8 ± 7.5 | 50 |
Calcium (mg/d) | 1080 ± 9 | 1080 ± 24 | 1090 ± 11 | 1050 ± 59 | 1060 ± 35 | 1090 ± 39 | 1000–12,000 |
Iron (mg/d) | 19.0 ± 1.5 | 19.5 ± 1.2 | 20.0 ± 1.3 | 17.8 ± 2.6 | 17.8 ± 4.0 | 17.8 ± 3.9 | 10 (M), 18 (F) |
Potassium (mg/d) | 4030 ± 344 | 3720 ± 336 | 4070 ± 390 | 4340 ± 480 | 3660 ± 459 | 3880 ± 416 | 3500–5000 |
Magnesium (mg/d) | 455 ± 28 | 448 ± 41 | 477 ± 42 | 457 ± 64 | 408 ± 59 | 436 ± 73 | 300 |
Sodium (mg/d) | 2960 ± 11 | 2910 ± 69 | 2930 ± 82 | 2950 ± 75 | 2930 ± 115 | 2940 ± 77 | 2500–3000 |
Phosphorus (mg/d) | 1580 ± 152 | 1540 ± 196 | 1590 ± 201 | 1490 ± 191 | 1380 ± 191 | 1450 ± 219 | 700–1700 |
Zinc (mg/d) | 13.6 ± 0.6 | 13.5 ± 0.9 | 14.2 ± 0.8 | 13.7 ± 2.3 | 12.7 ± 2.9 | 13.6 ± 2.7 | 12–15 |
Vitamin D (µg/d) | 29.4 ± 0.4 | 28.6 ± 0.5 | 29.1 ± 0.3 | 27.9 ± 1.6 | 27.8 ± 1.8 | 28.6 ± 2.2 | 25 |
Vitamin K (µg/d) | 193 ± 15 | 211 ± 26 | 202 ± 11 | 234 ± 125 | 210 ± 136 | 233 ± 154 | 80 |
Absolute PRAL (g/d) | 46.6 ± 7.1 | 45.8 ± 7.9 | 46.4 ± 7.9 | 41.6 ± 4.9 | 41.0 ± 5.1 | 41.5 ± 5.1 | |
Body Weight PRAL (g/d/Kg BW) | 0.59 ± 0.01 | 0.58 ± 0.02 | 0.58 ± 0.02 | 0.59 ± 0.01 | 0.58 ± 0.01 | 0.59 ± 0.01 |
