Table 4 TRL and IRL for each bioprocessing step of the integrated designs.

From: Theoretical design of a space bioprocessing system to produce recombinant proteins

Step

Design 1

Design 2

Design 3

Dewatering TRL

4

3

3

Dewatering-Lysis IRL

6

4

4

Lysis TRL

9

9

9

Lysis-Protein purification IRL

7

4

4

Protein purification TRL

3

3

2

Average readiness level

5.8

4.6

4.4