Fig. 3: Bacterial inactivation analysis.

a Diameter of bacterial inactivation zone versus treatment time following He plasma exposure at 20 kHz and 7 kV, for a reactor-target gap of 15 and 25 mm, in 0 g conditions. b Diameter of bacterial inactivation versus treatment time following a He–0.5% O2 plasma exposure at 20 kHz and 7 kV for a reactor-target gap of 15 and 25 mm in 0 g conditions. c Diameter of effect area following a 15 s-long He–O2 plasma exposure with different dioxygen admixtures at 20 kHz and 7 kV for a reactor-target gap of 15 and 25 mm in 0 g conditions. d Diameter of bacterial inactivation versus treatment time following He plasma exposure at 20 kHz and 7 kV for a reactor-target gap of 15 and 25 mm in terrestrial conditions (1 g). a–d Presented values are means ± SD of n = 4 biological replicates.