Table 4 Summary of analysis of tissue oxygenation measurements (%) captured by near-infrared spectroscopy device at the temporal region, venous angles, and forehead

From: Using noninvasive imaging to assess manual lymphatic drainage on lymphatic/venous responses in a spaceflight analog

Timepoint

Temporal lobe, frontal

Venous angle, frontal

Venous angle, lateral

Forehead

Left, n = 12

Right, n = 12

Left, n = 13

Right, n = 12

Left, n = 12

Right, n = 13

n = 13

Baseline

       

Median, %

Interquartile range

Marginal mean (SE)

75

73–80

76.7 (1.4)

74

72–78

74.5 (1.1)

72

64–75

70 (2.1)

69

61–74

67.1 (2.8)

77

74–80

75.8 (1.8)

74

67–78

72.9 (2.2)

77

74–78

75.1 (1.6)

Post-30min

       

Median, %

Interquartile range

Marginal mean (SE), %

Mean % change from baseline

90% confidence interval

P value

72

71–77

73 (1.4)

−3.67

−6.04 to −1.29

0.011

73

69–76

72.7 (1.4)

−1.78

−3.18 to −0.38 0.036

65

61–70

65.1 (1.7)

−4.83

−7.18 to −2.47

0.001

65

62–68

63.6 (2.2)

−3.46

−6.26 to −0.66

0.042

72

63–76

70.9 (1.9)

−4.96

7.30 to −2.62

0.001

69

63–75

69 (2.2)

−3.90

−5.61 to −2.19 <0.001

75

69–76

73.1 (1.2)

−1.99

−4.07–0.09

0.116

Post-60min

       

Median, %

Interquartile range

Marginal mean (SE), %

Mean % change from baseline

90% confidence interval

P value

72

71–73

72 (0.9)

−4.67

−6.77 to −2.50

<0.001

71

70–76

71.9 (1.2)

−2.55

−4.48 to −0.62 0.030

65

57–66

63.1 (2.1)

−6.86

−9.16 to −4.57

<0.001

61

58–66

60.2 (2.2)

−6.84

−9.99 to −3.68

<0.001

70

67–75

69.6 (1.7)

−6.20

−8.35 to −4.05

<0.001

69

63–74

67.9 (2.3)

−4.99

−7.39 to −2.58 0.001

72

68–73

70.8 (1.1)

−4.34

−6.52 to −2.16

0.001

Post-90min

       

Median, %

Interquartile range

Marginal mean (SE), %

Mean % change from baseline

90% confidence interval

P value

72

70–74

71.3 (0.9)

−5.30

−7.61 to −3.00

<0.001

71

69–72

71 (1.1)

−3.48

−4.75 to −2.21 <0.001

61

57–70

63.2 (1.9)

−6.79

−8.79 to −4.79

<0.001

60

57–70

61 (3)

−6.04

−8.50 to −3.58

<0.001

71

64–75

69.9 (2.1)

−5.92

−8.57 to −3.28

<0.001

66

61–72

67.3 (2.1)

−5.58

−7.99 to −3.17 <0.001

71

67–73

69.9 (1.1)

−5.20

−7.32 to −3.07

<0.001

Post-120min

       

Median, %

Interquartile range

Marginal mean (SE), %

Mean % change from baseline

90% confidence interval

P value

72

70–73

71.6 (0.7)

−5.09

−7.30 to −2.89

<0.001

71

68–72

70.7 (1)

−3.84

−5.71 to −1.96 0.001

67

63–71

66.2 (1.7)

−3.79

−5.93 to −1.66

0.003

64

60–68

62.8 (2.5)

−4.31

−6.25 to −2.36

<0.001

72

71–76

71.9 (1.6)

−3.88

−6.18 to −1.57

0.006

70

65–74

67.9 (2.3)

−4.98

−8.01 to −1.96 0.007

70

66–73

69.9 (1.3)

−5.27

−7.93 to −2.62

<0.001

Post-150min

       

Median, %

Interquartile range

Marginal mean (SE), %

Mean % change from baseline

90% confidence interval

P value

72

70–74

71.4 (1.0)

−5.26

−6.86 to −3.67

<0.001

71

68–72

70.2 (1.1)

−4.27

−6.46 to −2.07 0.001

64

59–70

64 (2.2)

−6.02

−8.96 to −3.07

0.001

61

57–71

61.1 (3.3)

−6.01

−9.45 to −2.57

0.004

71

67–74

70.2 (1.6)

−5.63

−8.19 to −3.07

<0.001

68

64–73

69 (2)

−3.81

−6.89 to −0.73 0.042

69

66–72

69 (1.5)

−6.07

−8.72 to −3.43

<0.001

Post-180min

       

Median, %

Interquartile range

Marginal mean (SE), %

Mean % change from baseline

90% confidence interval

P value

70

66–72

69.1 (0.8)

−7.52

−9.94 to −5.10

<0.001

68

66–74

69.2 (1.3)

−5.29

−7.62 to −296

<0.001

58

55–74

62.3 (2.6)

−7.65

11.38 to −3.92

0.001

60

55–74

58.4 (2.9)

−8.63

−11.78 to −5.47

<0.001

72

69–76

71.3 (1.5)

−4.49

−7.08 to −1.90

0.005

70

65–74

68.9 (1.5)

−3.97

−7.30 to −0.63 0.051

69

65–73

68.7 (1.6)

−6.48

−9.26 to −3.69

<0.001

Post-195min (post-MLD)

       

Median, %

Interquartile range

Marginal mean (SE), %

Mean % change from baseline

90% confidence interval

P value

69

68–70

69 (0.6)

−7.64

−10.08 to −5.20 <0.001

69

67–72

68.7 (0.8)

−5.78

−7.86 to −3.70 <0.001

63

54–65

60.5 (2.1)

−9.46

−12.04 to −6.68

<0.001

60

57–66

58.8 (2.8)

−8.28

−10.74 to −5.82

<0.001

71

66–72

68.5 (1.5)

−7.33

−9.90 to −4.77

<0.001

67

62–71

66.5 (1.5)

−6.32

−8.94 to −3.71 <0.001

67

65–72

67.4 (1.2)

−7.77

−10.46 to −5.08

<0.001

Post-225min (30 minutes post-MLD)

       

Median, %

Interquartile range

Marginal mean (SE), %

Mean % change from baseline

90% confidence interval

P value

69

67–71

69.1 (0.8)

−7.53

−9.25 to −5.81

<0.001

69

67–70

68.9 (0.9)

−5.62

−7.25 to −4.00 <0.001

71

66–74

69.2 (1.6)

−0.84

−4.45–2.78

0.703

69

66–70

63.4 (1.7)

−1.29

−2.34–4.91

0.559

66

65–72

67.9 (1.4)

−7.90

−10.49 to −5.32 <0.001

69

68–72

69 (1.1)

−3.84

−6.92 to −0.76 0.040

66

64–69

66.3 (1.1)

−8.680

−11.07 to −6.54

<0.001

  1. MLD manual lymphatic drainage, SE standard error.
  2. The final timepoint [post-225 min (30 minutes post-MLD)] was assessed in the sitting position, while all prior timepoints were assessed in the head-down tilt position.