Fig. 4: Muscular synergies.
From: Hypergravity is more challenging than microgravity for the human sensorimotor system
A Illustration of three synergies corresponding to three main movement phases in microgravity (0g), normogravity (1g) and hypergravity (1.8g). B Mean and standard deviation of muscular synergy ratio and (C) mean of muscle ratio for each environment. Synergy 1 mainly corresponded to an activation of Tibialis Anterior (TA) and Rectus Abdominis (RA) early in the movement. Synergy 2 mainly involved the agonist muscles (Deltoid Anterior, Rectus Abdominis, Biceps Brachii) which allowed forward body tilt and arm elevation. Synergy 3 was mainly present at the end of movement where participants slowed down arm elevation by activating antagonist arm muscles (Triceps Brachii and Deltoid Posterior) and maintained final position by activating leg and trunk muscles (Soleus, Rectus Abdominis and Erector Supinae). Error bars represent standard deviation.
