Table 2 Evolution of cardiac mechanical performance and hemodynamic parameters throughout the study

From: Evidence of effective cardiovascular countermeasures during spaceflights: insights from wearable monitoring

 

BDC sitting

n = 17

F6

n = 17

F37

n = 17

F159

n = 17

R + 3 sitting

n = 15

R + 8 sitting

n = 17

SBP (mmHg)

127 [122, 132]

121 [117, 128]

116 [110, 123]*

117 [109, 122]*

131 [123, 141]

125 [116, 130]

DBP (mmHg)

87 [81,89]

78 [67,82]*

72 [66,80]*

72 [68,79]*

88 [84,96]*

84 [79,93]

SVN (-)

1.00

1.36 [0.82, 1.73]

1.15 [0.85, 1.52]

1.26 [0.82, 1.56]

1.01 [0.90, 1.27]

1.03 [0.81, 1.29]

CON (-)

1.00

1.27 [0.75, 1.58]

1.09 [0.77, 1.58]

1.16 [0.79, 1.46]

1.25 [1.00, 1.48]

1.11 [0.87, 1.46]

iKsys (uJ.s)

11.01 [5.57, 16.67]

13.07 [8.24, 17.39]

9.89 [5.32, 16.52]

13.19 [8.04, 18.50]

16.96 [13.08, 24.99]

13.30 [8.05, 17.07]

iKdia (uJ.s)

6.91 [4.18, 10.51]

2.64 [1.20, 3.23]*

2.61 [2.15, 5.12]*

3.72 [2.11, 5.12]*

9.76 [4.85, 32.30]

10.3 [5.39, 13.00]

iKsys_i (%)

56.7 [50.1, 69.6]

85.4 [80.2, 89.5]*

75.4 [65.8, 82.1]*

77.6 [72.0, 84.8]*

62.8 [53.6, 70.9]

58.5 [50.5, 65.2]

iK diastolic ratio (-)

0.85 [0.79, 0.95]

0.68 [0.81, 0.88]

0.89 [0.77, 0.95]

0.86 [0.74, 0.91]

0.83 [0.49, 0.92]

0.75 [0.56, 0.89]

  1. Measurements are taken at baseline (BDC), during the flight on day 6 ± 2, 37 ± 4, and 159 ± 4 (F6, F37, and F159, respectively), and during recovery at 3 and 8 days post-flight (R + 3 and R + 8, respectively). Comparisons are made relative to baseline values in the sitting position using a linear mixed-effects model with Holm-Sidak correction for multiple comparisons. Results are presented as median [first quartile; third quartile]. Italics: 1.00 by definition (normalized values).
  2. SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, SVN stroke volume computed with Kubicek formula normalized by the baseline sitting value, CON cardiac output computed with Kubicek formula normalized by baseline sitting value, iKsys integral of seismocardiography (SCG) kinetic energy during systole, iKdia integral of SCG kinetic energy during diastole, iKsys_i ratio of iKsys and the integral of SCG kinetic energy during the whole cardiac cycle, iK diastolic ratio: difference between the integral of SCG kinetic energy during late and early diastole, normalized by iKdia.
  3. *: p < 0.05.
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