Fig. 1: LMMN films prepared with the LBL deposition method.

a A cross-sectional optical micrograph of an LMMN film embedded inside a PDMS substrate with 50 μm thickness (scale bar: 100 µm; inset image scale bar: 30 µm). b False-color scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of LMMN films on an ultrathin PDMS substrate (scale bars: 25 µm). Blue indicates the PDMS substrate, and violet indicates LMMN films. c Sheet resistances of LMMN films with different numbers of LBL-deposited gallium layers. The thickness of each layer was fixed, and the total thickness of the film varies depending on the number of gallium layers. Data were measured from 1 × LBL to 4 × LBL (n = 4 samples, error bars: standard deviation.). d Photographs of a resistive finger flexion sensor attached to a finger: Top view (scale bar: 10 mm), side view (scale bar: 5 mm), and under proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint flexion (scale bar: 5 mm) from left to right. e Photographs of LED-embedded circuit boards patterned in “S,” “N,” and “U” shapes (scale bars: 3 cm; inset image scale bar: 4 mm). The circuit boards are laminated onto three avocados. f Schematic illustration of the LBL deposition for the fabrication of LM microstructures that form LMMN films.