Fig. 4: The fabrication and modification of LMs.

a The structure and modification process of ATRP108. Copyright 2019, Springer Nature. b The sonicating and encapsulating procedure of EGaIn109. Copyright 2018, John Wiley and Sons. c The synthesis process of enzymatic LM nanobots114. Copyright 2021, American Chemical Society. d The manufacture of LMNP@CM115. Copyright 2020, John Wiley and Sons.