Fig. 6: Surface Modification for Chronic Inflammatory Optimization.
From: Long-term stability strategies of deep brain flexible neural interface
a Bacterial Cellulose-Based Electrodes83. (i) Photograph of the bacterial cellulose-based electrode; (ii) Immunofluorescence staining 2 weeks and 4 weeks post-implantation of Au-bacterial cellulose-based (left) and Au-PI (right) electrodes, showing neurons (NeuN, red), cell nuclei (DAPI, blue), and astrocytes (GFAP, green). The white dashed line indicates the cross-section of the electrode (location); (iii) Magnified image of astrocytes; (iv-v) Relative fluorescence intensity of neurons and astrocytes connected to the Au-BC and Au-PI electrodes in the brain 2 weeks and 4 weeks post-implantation. Scale bar: 500 μm. b Hydrogel Hybrid Electrodes88. (i) Concept illustration and application of the hydrogel hybrid electrode; (ii) Average spike waveform over time; (iii) Average spike amplitude (red) and noise level (blue) over time, with average spike interval per unit; c Microporous Drug-Releasing Electrodes103. (i) Preparation process for microporous drug-releasing electrodes; (ii) Optical image of the electrode with CsA-loaded PLGA, MS, and PEG hydrogel; (iii) Another optical image of the same electrode; (iv) SEM cross-section showing CsA-loaded MS distribution in the hydrogel layer; (v) Another SEM cross-section showing CsA-loaded MS distribution; d Biomolecule-Modified Electrodes110. (i) Conceptual illustration of the biomolecule-modified electrode. Scale bar: 500 μm; (ii) Detailed view of the microelectrode, scale bar: 35 μm. Inset: SEM image of a microelectrode filament, 12 μm in width, featuring a 10 μm recording site, scale bar: 7 μm; (iii) Schematic diagram of EK-IKVAV modified electrode; (iv) QCM-D characterization of EK-IKVAV modification. Reproduced with permission83. Copyright 2018, American Chemical Society. Reproduced with permission88. Copyright 2021, Seongjun, P., Hyunwoo, Y., Ruike, Z., et al., published by Springer Nature. Reproduced with permission103. Copyright 2016, published by Elsevier Ltd. Reproduced with permission110. Copyright 2021, published by Elsevier B.V.
