Fig. 8: Microstructure evolution of the oxide scale.
From: Examining oxidation in β-NiAl and β-NiAl+Hf alloys by stochastic cellular automata simulations

a–c Evolution of the oxide scale morphology for a Hf doped bicrystal at 1000, 1050, and 1100 °C, respectively. d–f Evolution of the oxide scale morphology for a Hf doped columnar grain structured alloy at 1000, 1050, and 1100 °C, respectively.