Fig. 5: Crystallographic directionality of corrosion damage in AM 316L.

a IPF-colored EBSD maps, with respect to the normal direction to the surface. Non-indexed points, corresponding to missing material, are colored in white. The local orientation of the cubic lattice is drawn in each grain, showing which crystallographic orientation is the closest to the directionality of the cavities; b corresponding SEM image showing clear correlation between cavities and local crystallographic orientation. Projections of the 〈001〉 directions, extracted from (a), are plotted with white arrows in each grain. The grain boundary is highlighted with light gray dashed lines; c corresponding cross-sectional view after FIB cutting, tilted to 52°, revealing the sub-surface structure of the damage site, 〈001〉 crystallographic directions projected from (a) are highlighted in both grains. The scale bar in (a) applies to (b, c).