Fig. 3: Validation of BBS response to levodopa in predicting balance improvement.

a-i Scatter plot and least square regression fit curve between BBS response to levodopa and BBS change rate at M1. Orange dots indicate off-medication condition. Blue dots indicate on-medication condition. a-ii Box plots showing comparisons of BBS response to levodopa between BBS diagnosed balance-improved groups and non-improvement groups in off-medication conditions (left) and on-medication conditions (right) at M1. Dark orange/blue indicates the balance-improved group and light orange/blue indicates the non-improvement group. b-i Scatter plot and least square regression fit curve between BBS response to levodopa and BBS change rate at M12. b-ii Box plots showing comparisons of BBS response to levodopa between BBS diagnosed balance-improved groups and non-improvement groups in off-medication conditions (left) and on-medication conditions (right) at M12. c-i Scatter plot and least square regression fit curve between BBS response to levodopa and PT change value at M1. c-ii Box plots showing comparisons of BBS response to levodopa between PT diagnosed balance-improved groups and non-improvement groups in off-medication conditions (left) and on-medication conditions (right) at M1. d-i Scatter plot and least square regression fit curve between BBS response to levodopa and PT change value at M12. d-ii Box plots showing comparisons of BBS response to levodopa between PT diagnosed balance-improved groups and non-improvement groups in off-medication conditions (left) and on-medication conditions (right) at M12. Significant p values are highlighted in bold. For boxplots, minimum and maximum are represented by lower and upper whiskers, respectively. The box signifies the first and the third quartile, and the median is represented by the marked center value within the box. BBS, Berg balance scale; PT, pull test; M1, 1-month follow-up; M12, 12-month follow-up.