Fig. 1: Glucosylceramide and sphingomyelin in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of GBA-PD patients compared to idiopathic PD patients and healthy controls.

a The glucosylceramide fraction was significantly higher in GBA-PD patients compared to idiopathic PD patients and healthy controls adjusting for covariates. b The sphingomyelin fraction was significantly lower in GBA-PD patients compared to idiopathic PD patients and healthy controls controlling for covariates. Unadjusted sphingolipid fractions in CSF are shown in box and jitter dot blots; box plots indicate the median (bold line), the 25th and 75th percentiles (box edges), and the most extreme data point no more than 1.5x the interquartile range from the box (whiskers). The P-values are from linear mixed model analyses adjusting for covariates.