Table 1 Demographic, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of patients with COPD diagnosis who are cared by General Practitioners (GPs) participating to the study evaluation before and after educational intervention vs. Italian general population (Health Search—IMS Health Longitudinal Patient Database: HSD)
Pre-intervention | Post intervention | P valuea | Italian GPs database - HSD | P valueb | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | Follow-up at 12 mo. | Follow-up at 24 mo. | Baseline vs. FU at 24 mo. | HSD vs. FU at 24 mo. | ||
No. 1,465 | No. 1,395 | No. 1,388 | No. 1,025 patientsc | No. 31,691 | ||
Gender | ||||||
Male | 929 (63.4) | 892 (63.9) | 900 (64.8) | — | 18,455 (58.2) | <0.001 |
Female | 536 (36.6) | 503 (36.1) | 488 (35.2) | — | 13,236 (41.7) | |
Age—Median (Q1–Q3)° | 74.0 (65.0–81.0) | 74.0 (65.0–81.0) | 74.0 (65.0–81.0) | — | 74.0 (65.0–81.0) | 0.364 |
<45 | 29 (2.0) | 27 (1.9) | 24 (1.7) | — | 1108 (3.5) | <0.001 |
45–54 | 89 (6.1) | 82 (5.9) | 68 (4.9) | — | 2025 (6.4) | 0.025 |
55–64 | 221 (15.1) | 216 (15.5) | 223 (16.1) | — | 4677 (14.7) | 0.179 |
65–74 | 406 (27.6) | 402 (28.8) | 400 (28.8) | — | 8739 (27.5) | 0.310 |
75–84 | 517 (35.3) | 480 (34.4) | 478 (34.5) | — | 10,109 (31.9) | 0.047 |
≥85 | 203 (13.9) | 188(13.5) | 195 (14.0) | — | 5033 (15.8) | 0.066 |
Smoking habit d | ||||||
Smoker | 84 (5.7) | 59 (4.2) | 64 (4.6) | 0.414 | 8664 (27.3) | <0.001 |
Former smoker | 670 (45.7) | 701 (50.3) | 706 (50.9) | 0.005 | 8267 (26.1) | <0.001 |
No smoker | 366(25.0) | 359 (25.7) | 354 (25.5) | <0.001 | 8484 (26.7) | 0.296 |
Unknown data | 345 (23.6) | 276 (19.8) | 264 (19.0) | <0.001 | 6276 (19.8) | 0.473 |
BMI d | ||||||
Underweight (<18.5) | 9 (0.6) | 15 (1.1) | 14 (1.0) | 0.046 | 427 (1.3) | 0.281 |
Normal Weight (18.5–24.9) | 169 (11.5) | 179 (12.8) | 204 (14.7) | 0.033 | 6623 (20.9) | <0.001 |
Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 376 (25.7) | 387 (27.7) | 414 (29.8) | <0.001 | 8928 (28.1) | 0.180 |
Obese (>29.9) | 556 (38.0) | 550 (39.5) | 502 (36.2) | 0.497 | 8427 (26.6) | <0.001 |
Unknown data | 355 (24.2) | 264 (18.9) | 254 (18.3) | <0.001 | 7286 (22.9) | <0.001 |
Co-morbidities d | ||||||
Hypertension | 881 (60.1) | 893 (64.0) | 888 (64.0) | <0.001 | 21,219 (66.9) | 0.021 |
Diabetes mellitus | 419 (28.6) | 437 (31.3) | 432 (31.2) | <0.001 | 8312 (26.2) | <0.001 |
Osteoporosis | 269 (18.4) | 275 (19.7) | 288 (20.8) | <0.001 | 7523 (23.7) | 0.010 |
Anxiety and depression | 336 (22.9) | 340 (24.4) | 358 (25.8) | <0.001 | 9855 (31.1) | <0.001 |
Dementia | 83 (5.7) | 104 (7.5) | 112 (8.1) | <0.001 | 3151 (9.9) | 0.021 |
Myocardial infarction | 107 (7.3) | 110 (7.9) | 105 (7.6) | 0.008 | 5021 (15.8) | <0.001 |
Heart Failure | 150 (10.2) | 137 (9.8) | 146 (10.5) | <0.001 | 3012 (9.5) | 0.208 |
Pneumonia | 24 (1.6) | 34(2.4) | 40(2.9) | 0.014 | 1161 (3.6) | 0.127 |
COPD pharmacological treatment e,f | ||||||
LABA + ICS | 450 (30.1) | 420 (30.1) | 401 (28.9) | 0.003 | 8,996 (28.4) | 0.683 |
LAMA | 347 (23.2) | 395 (28.3) | 368 (26.5) | 0.324 | 8,089 (25.5) | 0.408 |
ICS | 335 (22.4) | 353 (25.3) | 325 (23.4) | 0.848 | 6,048 (19.1) | <0.001 |
LABA + LAMA + ICS | 96 (6.6) | 107 (7.7) | 103 (7.4) | 0.758 | 3,552 (11.2) | <0.001 |
LABA | 127 (8.7) | 139 (10.0) | 136 (9.8) | 0.377 | 2,598 (8.2) | 0.034 |
Xanthines | 93 (6.4) | 88 (6.3) | 70 (5.0) | 0.157 | 1,747 (5.5) | 0.452 |
LABA + LAMA | 34 (2.3) | 48 (3.4) | 71 (5.1) | 0.001 | 297 (0.9) | <0.001 |
Concomitant drugs e | ||||||
Antihypertensive drugs | 1,034 (70.6) | 992 (71.1) | 990 (71.3) | 0.003 | 21,830 (68.8) | 0.054 |
Antibiotics | 907 (61.9) | 1,080 (77.4) | 1,156 (83.3) | <0.001 | 16,267 (51.3) | <0.001 |
Systemic corticosteroids | 439 (30.0) | 460 (33.0) | 459 (33.1) | 0.008 | 8,079 (25.5) | <0.001 |
Beta blockers | 351 (24.0) | 361 (25.9) | 384 (27.7) | 0.001 | 8,365 (26.4) | 0.293 |
Anti-thrombotic drugs | 250 (17.1) | 234 (16.8) | 189 (13.6) | 0.129 | 4,397 (13.8) | 0.785 |
Immunosuppressive drugs | 6 (0.4) | 7 (0.5) | 8 (0.6) | 0.046 | 129 (0.4) | 0.336 |
