Table 3 Summary of the patient characteristics of three phenotypes obtained after the cluster analysis of the validation cohort.
From: Data-driven questionnaire-based cluster analysis of asthma in Swedish adults
Validation cohort | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Patient’s characteristics | Early onset predominantly female (N = 234) | Adult onset predominantly female (N = 298) | Adult onset predominantly male (N = 216) | p values |
Sex; % female | 71.4 | 69.1 | 35.2 | <0.001 |
Age in years; mean (±SD) | 54.4 (14.6) | 57.6 (13.9) | 61.8 (13.7) | <0.001 |
BMI; mean (±SD) | 27.1 (5.0) | 27.8 (5.1) | 27.2 (4.6) | 0.239 |
Age of onset, % | ||||
≤15 years | 45.4 | 31.2 | 22.1 | <0.001 |
16–45 years | 41.4 | 43.4 | 34.7 | |
≥46 years | 13.2 | 25.3 | 43.2 | |
Allergy against pollen or pets, % | 87.6 | 0.7 | 8.4 | <0.001 |
Rhinitis, % | 93.6 | 78.2 | 19.4 | <0.001 |
Diabetes, % | 8.5 | 9.7 | 10.6 | 0.814 |
Cardiovascular disease, % | 27.8 | 34.2 | 35.2 | 0.233 |
Depression and anxiety, % | 17.9 | 12.1 | 7.4 | 0.005 |
Sleep apnea, % | 7.3 | 7.4 | 6.0 | 0.814 |
Gastroesophageal reflux, % | 25.0 | 18.5 | 12.0 | 0.004 |
Sinusitis, % | 28.9 | 16.7 | 10.0 | <0.001 |
Night awakening last week, % | ||||
Never | 64.8 | 68.4 | 76.9 | 0.082 |
Once | 12.6 | 13.1 | 10.4 | |
More than one | 22.6 | 18.6 | 12.7 | |
Smoking, % | ||||
Never | 68.4 | 48.6 | 50.5 | <0.001 |
Ex | 24.7 | 38.4 | 40.2 | |
Current | 6.9 | 13.0 | 9.3 | |
Education level, % | ||||
Compulsory school | 26.2 | 37.1 | 43.8 | 0.003 |
Secondary school | 37.6 | 34.7 | 30.5 | |
High education | 36.2 | 28.2 | 25.7 | |
Physical activity, % | ||||
Daily | 7.4 | 5.1 | 8.1 | 0.814 |
Few times a week | 66.5 | 66.8 | 61.9 | |
Once a month | 6.1 | 6.8 | 6.2 | |
Less | 20.0 | 21.2 | 23.8 | |
