Table 2 Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients achieving asthma control versus patients with uncontrolled asthma in the post-index period.
Characteristic | Medium-dose ICS/LABA cohort (N = 24,937) | High-dose ICS/LABA cohort (N = 8661) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Controlled asthma (n = 19,230) | Uncontrolled asthma (n = 5707) | P value | Controlled asthma (n = 6868) | Uncontrolled asthma (n = 1793) | P value | |
Sex | ||||||
Male | 9018 (46.9%) | 2480 (43.5%) | <0.0001a | 3389 (49.3%) | 793 (44.2%) | 0.0001a |
Female | 10,212 (53.1%) | 3227 (56.5%) | 3479 (50.7%) | 1000 (55.8%) | ||
Age at index date, years | ||||||
Mean ± SD | 38.8 ± 13.26 | 39.4 ± 13.48 | 0.0038b | 40.7 ± 11.94 | 41.4 ± 11.91 | 0.0304b |
Range | 12–75 | 12–75 | 12–75 | 12–74 | ||
Median (IQR) | 39.0 (30.0–48.0) | 39.0 (31.0–48.0) | 40.0 (33.0–48.0) | 41.0 (33.0–49.0) | ||
BMI, kg/m2 | ||||||
Mean ± SD | 23.3 ± 4.00 | 23.2 ± 4.08 | 0.3220b | 23.5 ± 4.07 | 23.6 ± 4.43 | 0.7950b |
Range | 13.5–54.9 | 14.6–46.6 | 15.3–52.0 | 14.0–42.4 | ||
Median (IQR) | 22.7 (20.5–25.3) | 22.6 (20.4–25.3) | 22.9 (20.7–25.6) | 22.7 (20.4–25.9) | ||
Index year | ||||||
2010 | 1726 (9.0%) | 615 (10.8%) | <0.0001a | 373 (5.4%) | 158 (8.8%) | <0.0001a |
2011 | 3128 (16.3%) | 1097 (19.2%) | 702 (10.2%) | 316 (17.6%) | ||
2012 | 4148 (21.6%) | 1206 (21.1%) | 1022 (14.9%) | 284 (15.8%) | ||
2013 | 3922 (20.4%) | 1142 (20.0%) | 1246 (18.1%) | 316 (17.6%) | ||
2014 | 5233 (27.2%) | 1499 (26.3%) | 2668 (38.9%) | 640 (35.7%) | ||
2015 | 1073 (5.6%) | 148 (2.6%) | 857 (12.5%) | 79 (4.4%) | ||
Asthma exacerbations in 1-year pre-index | ||||||
Mean ± SD | 0.1 ± 0.55 | 0.3 ± 1.17 | <0.0001b | 0.2 ± 0.69 | 0.6 ± 1.70 | <0.0001b |
Range | 0–12 | 0–23 | 0–16 | 0–25 | ||
Median (IQR) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | ||
Patients with asthma exacerbations in 1-year pre-index | ||||||
0 | 17,460 (90.8%) | 4780 (83.8%) | <0.0001b | 5967 (86.9%) | 1335 (74.5%) | <0.0001b |
≥1 | 1770 (9.2%) | 927 (16.2%) | 901 (13.1%) | 458 (25.5%) | ||
Asthma drugs in 1-year pre-index | ||||||
LAMA | 35 (0.2%) | 16 (0.3%) | 0.1487a | 21 (0.3%) | 10 (0.6%) | 0.1116a |
LTRA | 5949 (30.9%) | 1929 (33.8%) | <0.0001a | 2649 (38.6%) | 763 (42.6%) | 0.0021a |
SABA | 3145 (16.4%) | 1121 (19.6%) | <0.0001a | 1553 (22.6%) | 547 (30.5%) | <0.0001a |
Theophylline | 2927 (15.2%) | 992 (17.4%) | <0.0001a | 1399 (20.4%) | 465 (25.9%) | <0.0001a |
Maintenance systemic corticosteroids | 34 (0.2%) | 83 (1.5%) | <0.0001a | 22 (0.3%) | 32 (1.8%) | <0.0001a |
Concomitant medications in 1-year pre-index | ||||||
NSAIDs | 3831 (19.9%) | 1373 (24.1%) | <0.0001a | 1582 (23.0%) | 477 (26.6%) | 0.0016a |
Beta-blockers | 300 (1.6%) | 103 (1.8%) | 0.1979a | 102 (1.5%) | 37 (2.1%) | 0.0826a |
Acetaminophen | 6056 (31.5%) | 1952 (34.2%) | 0.0001a | 2022 (29.4%) | 586 (32.7%) | 0.0077a |
Comorbidities | ||||||
Atrial fibrillation or other cardiac arrhythmias | 1218 (6.3%) | 466 (8.2%) | <0.0001a | 540 (7.9%) | 150 (8.4%) | 0.4834a |
Anaphylaxis | 59 (0.3%) | 39 (0.7%) | <0.0001a | 31 (0.5%) | 14 (0.8%) | 0.0840a |
Eczema | 8238 (42.8%) | 2636 (46.2%) | <0.0001a | 3095 (45.1%) | 871 (48.6%) | 0.0078a |
GERD | 2685 (14.0%) | 1001 (17.5%) | <0.0001a | 1323 (19.3%) | 394 (22.0%) | 0.0103a |
Heart failure | 833 (4.3%) | 340 (6.0%) | <0.0001a | 404 (5.9%) | 113 (6.3%) | 0.5039a |
Rhinitis/rhinosinusitis | 14,428 (75.0%) | 4563 (80.0%) | <0.0001a | 5355 (78.0%) | 1443 (80.5%) | 0.0213a |
Rhinitis/rhinosinusitis—allergic | 13,053 (67.9%) | 4213 (73.8%) | <0.0001a | 4895 (71.3%) | 1339 (74.7%) | 0.0042a |
Charlson Comorbidity Index | ||||||
Mean ± SD | 2.2 ± 1.79 | 2.4 ± 2.02 | <0.0001b | 2.4 ± 1.97 | 2.6 ± 2.23 | 0.0035b |
Range | 0–17 | 0–16 | 0–16 | 0–16 | ||
Median (IQR) | 1.0 (1.0–3.0) | 2.0 (1.0–3.0) | 2.0 (1.0–3.0) | 2.0 (1.0–3.0) | ||
