Table 2 Themes and subthemes of the results.

From: Implementing asthma management guidelines in public primary care clinics in Malaysia

Theme

Subtheme

(1) Challenges in organising asthma care services with limited infrastructure

• Struggles in organising asthma care within existing clinic models and available resources

• Lack of priority for asthma care compared to other established national programmes

(2) Challenges related to diagnostic assessment and review of asthma control

• Limited objective tests available for asthma diagnosis and review of control

• Challenge in performing peak expiratory flow measurement

• Competency of allied health staffs in assessment of acute asthma attacks

(3) Challenges in delivering asthma treatment plans

• A need for more options of drug therapy and availability of spacer devices

• Challenge patient adherence to treatment

• Challenges in delivering asthma education and written asthma action plans

(4) Challenges related to clinic review

• Patients only attend the clinic when symptomatic

• A need to strengthen handover of care from hospital emergency department to primary care clinic

• Lack of non-attenders tracing systems

(5) Challenges of training HCPs in asthma management

• The training on self-management education and counselling on written asthma action plan only included HCPs who were in charge of the asthma clinics

• The training for nurses and medical assistants needed to address their roles in asthma management