Table 1 Validated instruments included in the disease-specific questionnaires.
From: Extending the data collection from a clinical trial: The Extended Salford Lung Study research cohort
Test | Condition assessed | Description | Validation reference |
|---|---|---|---|
COPD and Asthma Sleep Impact Scale (CASIS) | Asthma and COPD | A seven-question instrument, with five items relating to disturbance falling asleep or staying awake during the day. The remaining items concern sleep quality. Responses range from 1 = never to 5 = very often, with two items reverse-scored. The sum of raw scores is linearly transformed to arrive at a total score ranging from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating worse sleep quality. The CASIS has a look-back period of 1 week. | (Pokrzywinski et al., 2009)22 |
Asthma Control Test (ACT) | Asthma | A five-item assessment of control based on asthma symptom severity/frequency and rescue medication use. Each question is assigned a value of 1 to 5. Total scores of >19 indicate controlled asthma, with scores of <16 indicating uncontrolled asthma (scores of 16–19 represent somewhat controlled asthma and scores of <16 represent poorly controlled asthma). The ACT has a look-back period of four weeks. | (Schatz et al., 2007)23 |
Asthma Control Questionnaire-6 (ACQ-6) | Asthma | A six-item assessment of control based on asthma symptom severity/frequency and rescue medication use. For each question, a score of 0 indicates no impairment and 6 indicates maximum impairment. The total score is the mean of responses to all six questions. A total score of 0.0–0.75 is classified as well-controlled asthma; 0.75–1.5 as a “gray zone”; and >1.5 as poorly controlled asthma. The ACQ has a look-back period of 1 week. | (Juniper et al., 2005)26 |
COPD Assessment Test (CAT) | COPD | An eight-item questionnaire assessing the severity and impact of COPD symptoms. Each question is scored from 0–5, with total scores ranging from 0 to 40. Scores >20 indicate a high impact of COPD on a patient’s life and scores <10 indicate a low impact. | (Jones et al., 2009)21 |
Modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale (mMRC) | COPD | A five-point scale (0 [low impact]–4 [high impact]) measuring the degree and impact of breathlessness. | (Hajiro et al., 1998)20 |
