Fig. 1: Relevant energy levels and the experimental setup.
From: Experimental implementation of precisely tailored light-matter interaction via inverse engineering
a The qubit is represented by ground-state levels |0〉 and |1〉. They are coupled through optical transitions |0〉 ↔ |e〉 (Rabi frequency Ωs) and |1〉 ↔ |e〉 (Rabi frequency Ωp). φ is an arbitrary time-independent phase factor applied to Ωp. The five transitions relevant for measuring the population in the qubit levels are labeled as 1–5. b A qubit is initiated at level |1〉 in a transparent spectral window that has a frequency width of 18.3 MHz. This window covers the frequencies of transitions 1–5 shown in a, where the frequency of transition 1 is defined as zero frequency and αL refers to the optical depth. Peaks 4 and 5, located at 10.2 MHz and 14.8 MHz, represents transition 4 and transition 5, respectively. Peak 1–3 located at 0, 4.6, and 9.4 MHz represents the transition 1, 2, and 3, respectively, as shown by the inset. Each transition has an inhomogeneous FWHM linewidth of 170 kHz. c The schematic experimental setup. AOM1 (AOM2): the 1st (2nd) acousto-optical modulator. PM fibre: a polarization-maintaining fiber, PD1 (PD2): photodetector1 (photodetector2). More information can be seen in “Methods” (Experimental system).
