Fig. 2: Intra-ququart gates through clock and Raman transitions.
From: An architecture for two-qubit encoding in neutral ytterbium-171 atoms
a Single-qubit rotations \({R}_{\hat{n}}(\theta )\) of angle θ along rotation axis \(\hat{n}\) on the “o”-qubit via pairs of clock transitions. To ensure that the state of the other qubit is unaffected, the two transitions within a pair should perform the same rotations on each pair of states. b Single-qubit rotations \({R}_{\hat{n}}(\theta )\) on the “n”-qubit driven by pairs of stimulated Raman transitions. c The intra-ququart swap gate is achieved by applying a π-rotation between \(\left\vert 01\right\rangle\) and \(\left\vert 10\right\rangle\) states. This operation swaps the information encoded in “o”- and “n” qubits. d Intra-ququart CNOT gate is achieved by applying a π-rotation between \(\left\vert 10\right\rangle\) and \(\left\vert 11\right\rangle\) states. When the control qubit (“o”-qubit) is in \(\left\vert 1\right\rangle\) state, a bit-flip operation is applied to the target qubit (“n”-qubit).
