Fig. 3: Implementation of the multi-particle ‘which-path’ scheme using split-illumination off-axis electron holography.

The setup splits and then combines back an electron beam. A microwave cavity is placed in one of the paths. The two paths interfere either on a two-port beam-splitter (a1) or on screen (b1) divided into colored sections that denote the two-port outputs. The beam-splitter output results in pronounced anti-correlated distribution (a2), while the inerference on a screen result in a less pronounced but still clear anti-correlated distribution (b2).