Fig. 3: Ferrimagnetism of 2D layered [YGdC]²⁺·2e⁻ electride.

a H_DC dependences of anisotropic μ_eff. for single crystalline [YGdC]²⁺·2e⁻ and [Gd₂C]²⁺·2e⁻ samples. The μ_eff. of Gd metal is also provided as a reference. The lower H_s of in-plane direction indicates that the magnetic easy-plane develops along the in-plane direction. b T dependences of anisotropic Μ along in-plane and out-of-plane directions. Inset figures are schematics to represent the reinforcement of exchange interaction of IAEs along the direction of the applied H_DC (violet arrows). c Imaginary part of AC magnetization (Μ “) along the in-plane direction under the various frequencies at AC applied magnetic field (H_AC) of 1 Oe. The DC applied field is set to zero for these measurements. Inset figure shows the frequency (f) dependences of T_C and T*. T* denotes the onset temperature when the magnetization starts to suppress. The real part of AC magnetization data (Μ ‘) is provided in Supplementary Fig. 7. d T dependence of anisotropic ρ for [YGdC]²⁺·2e⁻ and [Gd₂C]²⁺·2e⁻. Transitions around T_C of 220 K for [YGdC]²⁺·2e⁻ and 350 K for [Gd₂C]²⁺·2e⁻ are indicated by arrows. The residual resistivity ratios of [Y_2−xGd_xC]²⁺·2e⁻ and conduction electron density (CED) of both [YGdC]²⁺·2e⁻ and [Gd₂C]²⁺·2e⁻ are shown in Supplementary Figs. 9 and 10, respectively.