Fig. 1: The characteristics of kagome lattice.
a Geometric structure of a 2D kagome lattice. The red spins and question mark represent the schematic of geometric frustration on a triangle lattice. b Band structure of 2D kagome lattice in the absence of SOC in momentum space, featuring the Dirac point at the K point, van Hove singularities at the M point and a flat band. c Schematic of skyrmion lattice or noncoplanar spin texture with nonzero scalar spin chirality χ = Si ⋅ (Sj × Sk) in real space. Adapted from ref. 16,19.
