Fig. 6: Schematic of the mechanisms underlying the amelioration of liver fibrosis by AD-MSC-γ-sEVs (γ-sEVs). | npj Regenerative Medicine

Fig. 6: Schematic of the mechanisms underlying the amelioration of liver fibrosis by AD-MSC-γ-sEVs (γ-sEVs).

From: Small extracellular vesicles derived from interferon-γ pre-conditioned mesenchymal stromal cells effectively treat liver fibrosis

Fig. 6

a In γ-sEVs, the levels of proteins including annexin A1, lactotransferrin, and aminopeptidase N increased. These γ-sEVs induce the counts of anti-inflammatory macrophages with high motility and phagocytic ability, which increase repair of damaged tissue. In addition, these γ-sEVs induce regulatory T cell counts in the liver. These processes are related to fibrolysis. b The γ-sEVs also possess the ability to reduce inflammation; however, they do not prevent HSC activation, suggesting that γ-sEVs indirectly reduce fibrogenesis by reducing inflammation. HSCs, hepatic stellate cells.

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