Fig. 1: An adipose-derived biomaterial, Acellular Adipose Tissue (AAT), retains tissue-specific properties favoring in vitro chemo-attraction and adipogenesis.

a Macroscopic representation of whole adipose tissue processing to create an injectable, adipose extracellular matrix biomaterial. b Gross images of cadaveric native adipose tissue. c Nile red staining of the central lipid droplets (red) in native adipose tissue. d Fluorescent staining of the collagenous extracellular matrix (Col1 in green, DAPI in blue) surrounding cells in native adipose tissue. e Gross image of the decellularized and delipidated processing intermediate. f Decellularized and delipidated processing intermediate stained for intracellular lipids using Oil Red O (red). g Gross image of the final injectable product. h Scanning electron microscopy of AAT. i Col1 (green) fluorescent staining of AAT. j Total lipid content of AAT and matched donor adipose demonstrating >98% lipid removal in processing. k Total collagen content determined by a hydroxyproline assay. l AAT-induced migration of adipose-derived stem cells within 6 h in a transwell assay. m AAT reseeded with ASCs stained fluorescently for Col1 (green) and Actin (red). n Nile Red staining for intracellular lipids (yellow) in ASC-containing AAT supplemented with adipogenic media. o Number of shared and unique proteins between AAT and ACD by LC-MS/MS. p Categorization of peptides identified in AAT and ACD by LC-MS/MS. q 3D constructs of ASCs cultured in ACD and AAT. r Oil Red O staining (red) from both the edge and center of constructs. s Differential gene expression for adipogenic markers within 3D constructs normalized to ACD on Day 3. Significance (p-values): * < 0.05, ** < 0.01, *** < 0.001, **** < 0.0001. Error bars represent ±1 standard deviation. Scale bars represent 100 µm.