Fig. 1: Local and systemic administration of MBV significantly reduces both acute and chronic pristane-induced arthritis disease severity.

a Experimental design and treatment regimen. b Representative images of forepaws and hind paws for each group at day 0 and day 100. Evident edema, erythema, and distortion of the forepaws and hind paws were evident in the Pristaneā+āPBS group but not in the remaining treatment groups. c I.p. methotrexate significantly reduces disease scoring between days 10ā28 and days 70ā100 compared to Pristaneā+āPBS (pā<ā.05) d P.a. MBV significantly reduces disease scoring between days 10ā35 and days 70ā100 compared to Pristane + PBS (pā<ā0.05). e I.v. MBV significantly reduce disease scoring between days 14ā35 and days 63ā100 compared to Pristaneā+āPBS (pā<ā0.05). All values represented in panels cāe are meanā±ās.e.m., nā=ā12 for days 7ā28, and nā=ā8 days 28ā100.