Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study participants.
Patients with SZ (N = 101) | HCs (N = 101) | Statistics | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | ||||
Male, n (%) | 35 (34.7) | 42 (41.6) | χ2 = 1.45 | 0.311 |
Female, n (%) | 66 (65.3) | 59 (58.4) | ||
Age (years), mean ± SD | 37.0 ± 11.5 | 37.9 ± 8.7 | t = 0.63 | 0.521 |
Education (years), mean ± SD | 13.0 ± 2.4 | 16.7 ± 2.5 | t = 10.40 | <0.001 |
Duration of illness (months), mean ± SD | 46.3 ± 72.2 | |||
Intracranial volume (mL), mean ± SD | 1466.9 ± 139.7 | 1543.5 ± 130.4 | t = 4.01 | <0.001 |
Antipsychotic medications at MRI scan (mg/day), mean ± SDa | 435.3 ± 256.5 | |||
Antipsychotic medications at 6 months (mg/day), mean ± SDa | 715.0 ± 1634.1 | |||
Duration of antipsychotic medication before scan of antipsychotic-naive or free participants (days), mean ± SD | 6.8 ± 7.2 | |||
Types of antipsychotics | ||||
Paliperidone (n) | 32 | |||
Olanzapine (n) | 2 | |||
Risperidone (n) | 27 | |||
Amisulpride (n) | 32 | |||
Aripiprazole (n) | 8 | |||
Full-scale intelligence quotient, mean ± SD | 88.6 ± 18.5 | 114.9 ± 6.3 | t = 4.23 | <0.001 |
Verbal intelligence quotient | 94.7 ± 16.2 | 117.0 ± 9.0 | t = 7.41 | <0.001 |
Information | 9.3 ± 3.3 | 11.1 ± 2.5 | t = 1.40 | 0.166 |
Digit span | 8.5 ± 3.4 | 11.6 ± 1.7 | t = 2.27 | 0.026 |
Vocabulary | 9.2 ± 3.3 | 12.8 ± 1.1 | t = 6.99 | <0.001 |
Arithmetic | 8.0 ± 2.9 | 12.1 ± 2.6 | t = 2.93 | 0.004 |
Comprehension | 9.9 ± 3.3 | 13.7 ± 0.9 | t = 6.74 | <0.001 |
Similarity | 9.4 ± 3.4 | 13.9 ± 1.6 | t = 2.73 | 0.008 |
Performance intelligence quotient | 89.7 ± 17.5 | 110.7 ± 7.6 | t = 7.72 | <0.001 |
Picture completion | 8.4 ± 2.9 | 10.1 ± 2.0 | t = 4.51 | <0.001 |
Picture arrangement | 8.9 ± 2.9 | 11.0 ± 1.4 | t = 2.02 | 0.049 |
Block design | 8.6 ± 3.9 | 13.7 ± 1.6 | t = 5.59 | <0.001 |
Object assembly | 9.2 ± 3.8 | 12.6 ± 2.1 | t = 3.21 | 0.008 |
Digit symbol | 9.0 ± 3.0 | 12.2 ± 1.2 | t = 2.54 | 0.014 |
