Table 1 Participant demographics, baseline symptom scores, and antipsychotic medications by treatment week and maintenance period conditions.

From: Alpha transcranial alternating current stimulation reduces depressive symptoms in people with schizophrenia and auditory hallucinations: a double-blind, randomized pilot clinical trial

 

Treatment week + Maintenance period

 
 

tACS + tACS (n = 8)

tACS + Sham (n = 6)

Sham + tACS (n = 5)

Sham + Sham (n = 6)

Statistics

Demographics

     

Age

(Mean ± SD)

37 ± 13

40 ± 14

34 ± 11

45 ± 10

F3,19a = 0.791

p = 0.514

Gender

(Male)

5

4

3

4

Χ2 = 0.079

p = 0.994

Baseline symptoms

(Mean ± SD)

     

AHRS

25.0 ± 7.4

19.0 ± 6.8

23.4 ± 6.5

23.2 ± 7.0

F3,21 = 0.873

p = 0.471

HPSVQ

25.3 ± 9.1

24.8 ± 3.3

27.6 ± 3.2

25.2 ± 4.5

F3,21 = 0.231

p = 0.874

PANSS

     

–Total

72.4 ± 19.4

59.0 ± 15.0

67.8 ± 10.1

66.0 ± 21.0

F3,21 = 0.685

p = 0.571

–Positive symptoms

19.5 ± 4.4

17.5 ± 4.9

18.0 ± 2.7

16.8 ± 5.4

F3,21 = 0.443

p = 0.725

–Negative symptoms

16.4 ± 6.3

13.8 ± 5.7

16.8 ± 4.2

18.2 ± 5.3

F3,21 = 0.630

p = 0.604

–General psychopathology

36.5 ± 11.5

27.7 ± 7.1

33.0 ± 5.0

31.0 ± 11.6

F3,21 = 1.02

p = 0.405

–Hallucinations

4.4 ± 0.7

4.8 ± 0.8

4.6 ± 1.1

4.8 ± 0.8

F3,21 = 0.484

p = 0.697

Antipsychotic medication (n)

     

Aripiprazole

2

1

1

1

 

Cariprazine

1

    

Clozapine

3

3

1

1

 

Fluphenazine

 

1

   

Haloperidol

2

 

1

  

Loxapine

 

1

   

Lurasidone

1

 

1

  

Olanzapine

 

2

1

2

 

Paliperidone

  

1

1

 

Perphenazine

   

2

 

Quetiapine

  

1

1

 

Risperidone

   

2

 
  1. Multiple participants used more than one type of antipsychotic medication.
  2. aTwo participants in the “tACS + Sham” group did not report their exact age.