Table 3 Quantile regression analysis of hospitalization costs in schizophrenics (CNY).

From: A study on the changing trend and influencing factors of hospitalization costs of schizophrenia in economically underdeveloped areas of China

Variables	Hospitalization costs per time			Average daily hospitalization costs
Variables	Q10	Q50	Q90	Q10	Q50	Q90
Gender (contrast = male)
Female	−0.013	−0.018^**	0.008^*	−0.038^**	−0.023^**	−0.009
Age	−0.004^**	−0.003^**	−0.002^**	−0.002^**	−0.001^**	0.001^**
Payment method (contrast = medical insurance reimbursement)
Out-of-pocket	−0.044^**	0.053^**	0.044^**	0.073^**	0.074^**	0.089^**
Hospital nature (contrast = public)
Private	0.557^**	0.158^**	−0.079^*	−1.051^**	−1.064^**	−1.090^**
Hospital level (contrast = provincial and municipal level)
District and county level and below	−0.814^**	−0.341^**	−0.175^**	0.788^**	0.683^**	0.631^**
Hospital type (contrast = general hospital)
Specialized hospital	0.318^**	0.212^**	0.074^**	0.346^**	0.101^**	−0.262^**
TCM hospital	−0.448^*	0.080	0.170^*	−0.296^*	−0.023	−0.172^*
Primary medical and health institution	0.912^**	0.805^**	1.283^**	−0.550^**	−0.104^*	−0.060
Number of comorbidities (contrast = 0)
1	0.043	0.049^**	0.064^**	0.005	0.035^**	0.061^**
2	0.055^*	0.129^**	0.184^**	0.042^**	0.083^**	0.074^**
≥3	0.107^**	0.245^**	0.248^**	0.164^**	0.188^**	0.173^**
Length of stay	0.010^**	0.013^**	0.013^**	−0.005^**	−0.004^**	−0.004^**
Proportion of medications	−0.026^**	−0.020^**	−0.012^**	−0.027^**	−0.019^**	−0.007^**
Subtype (contrast = paranoid schizophrenia)
Hebephrenic schizophrenia	−0.259	0.058	0.195	−0.099	0.188	0.841^**
Catatonic schizophrenia	0.048	0.041	0.059	0.046	0.076	0.016
Undifferentiated schizophrenia	−0.003	−0.018^*	−0.007	−0.009	0.004	0.006
Post-schizophrenic depression	−0.654^**	−0.393^**	−0.147^**	−0.570^**	−0.356^**	−0.085^*
Residual schizophrenia	−0.046	−0.206^**	−0.130^**	−0.283^**	−0.021	0.148^*
Simple schizophrenia	−0.178	0.091	0.537^**	−0.344	0.237	0.129
Other schizophrenia	−0.281	−0.468	−0.242	0.223	0.063	0.141
Schizophrenia, unspecified	−0.471^**	−0.212^**	−0.099^**	−0.320^**	−0.103^**	−0.028^**
Year (contrast = 2014)
2015	0.024	0.168^**	0.218^**	0.076^**	0.137^**	0.138^**
2016	0.019	0.120^**	0.177^**	0.039^*	0.094^**	0.104^**
2017	0.029	0.169^**	0.229^**	0.082^**	0.144^**	0.168^**
2018	−0.044^*	−0.033^**	−0.006	−0.015	−0.018^*	0.096^**
2019	0.002	−0.034^**	0.037^**	−0.014	−0.001	0.082^**
Pseudo R²	0.479	0.529	0.542	0.637	0.287	0.156

^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.001.

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Table 3 Quantile regression analysis of hospitalization costs in schizophrenics (CNY).

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