Fig. 1: Experimental design.
A video demonstration of the hand movement with feedback is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2621302. Each run (48 trials), had two blocks, the block for active movement were beginning with a cue “Active”, and for passive movement with a cue “Passive”. In the beginning of each run participants were instructed to perform hand movement by themselves when cued “Active” (24 trials), or to relax the hand but keep holding the PMD handle when cued “Passive” (24 trials) and let their hand be moved by the PMD. Each trial commenced with a “Ready” cue, followed by visual feedback for movement planning and execution, culminating with a question “Delay?”. The black screen with variable duration (2000 - 5000 ms) is shown during inter trial interval. In the beginning, the hand video feedback was mostly static (1st hand) since the subject was instructed to move when ready to perform the movement. The movement onset from the left (2nd hand) moves to the right (3rd hand), then the hand moves it back to the left (from 3rd hand to the 2nd hand) position. In the video feedback, only the right-hand movement was displayed, here 3 different hand positions are shown just to visualize the whole process of planning and execution direction, separately. Considering male participants for this figure, the upper row shows the sequence of a trial with active and own-hand video feedback, while the lower row shows another trial with the passive and other hand (pre-recorded image from the female). In the case of a female subject, the other hand video is shown from a male hand (pre-recorded image). Self-other hand was displayed randomly across the trial and run. On the right, the expected active and passive movement specific canonical hemodynamic response function and temporal derivative of BOLD responses are shown (the 4000 ms period of hand movement with feedback stimulus marked with light blue).
