Table 1 Occurrence of various fermenting microorganisms among commonly consumed selected African fermented foods.

Maize, sorghum millet

Mawè

L. fermentum, L. brevis, L. curvatus, L. buchneri, Weissella confusa, Pedicoccus pentosaceus,

Candida krusei, Candida kefyr, Candida glabrata, Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Benin

⁶⁵

Maize, sorghum

millet

Uji, Ogi

L. plantarum, L. fermentum, L. cellobiosus, L. buchneri, Ped. acidilactici, Ped. pentosaceus, S. cerevisiae, Rhodotorula graminis, Candida krusei, Candida tropicalis, Geotrichum candidum, Geotrichum fermentum

Benin, Nigeria

^39,65

Millet

Ben-saalga

L. fermentum, L. plantarum, Ped. pentosaceus

Burkina Faso

⁶⁵

Cassava

Gari

L. fermentum, L. plantarum, W. confusa, S. cerevisiae, Pichia scutulata, Kluyveromyces marxianus, Hansenia guilliermondii, Leuconostoc fallax

Nigeria

⁶⁵

Milk

kule naoto

Amasi

Ergo

L. fermentum, L. paracasei, L. acidophilus

Kenya

South Africa

Zimbabwe

^49,51,52,77

Maize, sorghum millet

Mahewu (magou)

L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus; L. delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii; Leuconostoc spp.; heterofermentative lactobacilli

South Africa

⁶⁵

Millet, sorghum

Kunu-zaki

L. fermentum, Ped. pentosaceus, W. confusa, Ent. faecalis

Nigeria

³⁶

Cassava

Fufu

Ped. pentosaceus, L. fermentum, L. plantarum

Nigeria

⁶⁵

Cassava

Agbelima

L. plantarum, L. brevis, L. fermentum, Leuc. mesenteroides, Bacillus spp., C. tropicalis, G. candidum, Penicillium spp.

Ghana

⁶⁵

Cow milk

Mafi

Lc. lactis subsp. lactis; L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis; L. plantarum, Leuc. mesenteroides subsp. dextranicum

Namibia

⁵²

Cow milk

Leben

Lc lactis subsp. lactis; Lc. lactis subsp. Lactis biovardiacetylactis; Kluyveromyces lactis, S. cerevisiae, E. faecalis, L. brevis, Lc. lactis subsp. cremoris; Leuc. lactis, Leuc. mesenteroides subsp. dextranicum

Morocco

⁵²

Cow milk

Amabere amaruranu

L. fermentum, L. paracasei, L. acidophilus, Lc. lactis subsp. lactis; S. cerevisiae, E. faecalis, Lb. brevis, Lc. lactis subsp. cremoris

Kenya

⁵⁴