Table 2 Proteins with potentially important functions, which were significantly differently expressed (t-test, p value <0.05) between species.

From: Reference proteomes of five wheat species as starting point for future design of cultivars with lower allergenic potential

UniProt annotation / keyword

NPS

GO annotationsa

NPU

   

Cw

Sp

Du

Em

Ei

Glutenin, HMW, LMW

50

F:nutrient reservoir activity

2

–

1

1

3

Gliadin

41

F:nutrient reservoir activity

6

2

2

–

4

Puroindoline

7

F:nutrient reservoir activity

–

–

–

–

–

Beta-amylase

7

F:beta-amylase activity

1

–

–

1

–

1,4-alpha-glucan branching enzyme

12

P:glycogen biosynthetic process

1

–

1

–

–

Starch synthase

12

11 F:glycogen (starch) synthase activity

–

–

1

–

1

Sucrose synthase, Sucrose_synth

8

F:sucrose synthase activity

–

–

–

–

–

Alpha-amylase inhibitor, amylase inhibitor, Trypsin inhibitor, BBTTI, CTI

30

F:serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity

1

–

–

–

1

Serpin

16

F:serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity

1

–

–

–

–

Nonspecific lipid-transfer protein

10

P:lipid transport

–

–

–

–

–

ATP synthase

14

P:ATP synthesis coupled proton transport

–

–

–

–

–

Glutathione transferase, S-transferase

8

7 P:glutathione metabolic process, 1 F:glutathione dehydrogenase (ascorbate) activity

–

–

–

–

–

Defensin, Barwin, Thaumatin-like, Thionin, Knot1

13

P:defense response

–

–

1

–

2

Dehydrin

4

P:response to water

–

1

–

–

–

Heat shock, SHSP

42

F:ATP hydrolysis activity, P:response to heat

4

–

7

3

6

Late embryogenesis abundant, LEA

4

-

–

–

–

–

–

  1. NPS number of proteins, which were significantly differently expressed (t-test, p value <0.05) between species, GO gene ontology, NPU number of proteins, which were unique to only one of the five species, Cw common wheat, Sp spelt, Du durum, Em emmer, Ei einkorn, HMW high molecular weight, LMW low molecular weight, BBTTI Bowman-Birk type trypsin inhibitor, CTI chymotrypsin inhibitor.
  2. For more details, see Supplementary Table 2.
  3. aGO annotations provided as either molecular function (F:) or biological process (P:) obtained from the Gene Ontology (GO) analysis.