Table 3 Studies linking alternative cultivation practices (ACPs) and water management practices, including aerobic cultivation, alternate wetting–drying (AWD), and continuous flooding (CF), to rice yields
Citation | Yield (in percent change ACP compared to conventional/continuous flooding) | Nation(s) | ACP result |
|---|---|---|---|
Linquist et al.10 | CF = 10.26 Mg ha AWD/40-Flood = ↓1% AWD60 = ↓5% | AR, USA | Lower |
No change | CA, USA | No change | |
Xu et al.45 | No change | United Kingdom | No change |
Hu et al.66 | CF = 6.26 tons/ha AWD mix = ↓20% AWD-low = ↓31% | China | Lower |
Yang et al.38 | CF = Control AWD-med = ↑10–12% AWD-severe = ↓33–36% | Yangzhou, China | Mixed |
LaHue et al.11 | No change | CA, USA | No change |
Carrijo et al.12 | Overall = ↓5% Mild AWD = no change Severe AWD = ↓23% | Japan, Senegal, Iran, Uganda, India, China, Philippines, Vietnam, Australia, Nepal, Bangladesh, Brazil, USA, Malawi, Thailand, Indonesia | Mixed |
Bouman et al.14 | CF = 5.8 tons ha−1 AWD = ↓26% | SE Asia: China & Philippines | Mixed |
Lampayan et al.13 | No change | Philippines, Vietnam, Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, China, Laos, Myanmar | No change |
Bouman et al.44 | AWD in dry = ↓32% AWD in wet = ↓22% | Philippines | Lower |
Massey et al.8 | AWD = ↑9% CF = 11,396 kg ha−1 | MS, USA | Higher |
Belder et al.18 | No change | China & the Philippines | No change |
De Vries et al.19 | Wet season = AWD higher Dry season = CF higher | Senegal | Mixed |
Yao et al.20 | No significant difference | Hubei, China | No change |
Das et al.65 | No yield reduction | Taiwan | No change |
Rahman et al.61 | Not a significant reduction | Bangladesh | No change |
Hu et al.68 | Aerobic = ↓16% Intermittent flooding = ↑1% Conventional = 11.0 tons ha−1 Flooding = ↓16% | China | Lower |
Hu et al.85 | ↓ 10–20% | ||
Arao et al.83 | No yield reduction | Japan | No change |
