Table 1 Food classification systems developed for epidemiological studies and using processing as a criterion for categorizing consumed “processed food” (adapted from ref. ⁹)

1

NIPH

National Institute of Public Health; Mexico

Gonzalez-Castell et al.³⁸

2

IARC-EPIC

Institute Agency for Research on Cancer

European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Slimani et al.³⁹

Chajes et al.⁴⁰

3

NOVA

Recommendation as basis for dietary guidelines.

Monteiro,⁶; Monteiro et al.⁸; Moubarac et al.⁴¹; Schnabel et al.⁴²

4

IFPRI

International Food Policy Research Institute in Guatemala

Asfaw⁴³;

Moubarac et al.⁴⁴

5

IFIC

International Food Information Council

Eicher-Miller et al.^45,46

6

NUPENS-USP

Nucléo de pesquisas Epidemiologicas em Nutricao e Saude; Univ. de Sao Paulo

de Costa Louzada et al.⁴⁷

7

POTI

Department of Nutrition, Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, USA

Poti et al.⁴⁸

8

SIGA

Siga, une approche holistique de la qualité en alimentation

Fardet⁴⁹; Siga⁵⁰