Table 2 Differential expressed genes (DEGs) and proteins (DEPs) identified between freeze-dried Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Zhang wild-type and mutant cells after 30 and 60 days of storage

LCAZH_RS02965

bglF

PTS glucose transporter subunit IIA

1.62

1.64

8.97

8.08

LCAZH_RS13395

agaF

PTS fructose transporter subunit IIA

2.68

2.50

3.54

4.10

LCAZH_RS03235

gatC

PTS glucitol transporter subunit IIA

1.86

1.64

3.06

3.01

LCAZH_RS13210

fruK

1-phosphofructokinase

1.53

1.53

2.88

2.29

LCAZH_RS14305

manY

PTS mannose/fructose/sorbose transporter subunit IIC

0.61

0.54

6.64

4.74

LCAZH_RS14555

cmtB

PTS sugar transporter subunit IIA

1.82

1.84

0.11

0.14

LCAZH_RS02390

manY

PTS sugar transporter subunit IIC

2.43

2.25

0.20

0.20

LCAZH_RS02395

manZ

PTS system mannose/fructose/sorbose family transporter subunit IID

2.98

2.85

0.20

0.19

LCAZH_RS02405

manXa

PTS N-acetylglucosamine transporter subunit IIBC

2.31

2.19

0.50

0.46

LCAZH_RS13340

gatA

PTS sugar transporter subunit IIA

3.36

3.21

0.17

0.14

LCAZH_RS13335

gatB

PTS galactitol transporter subunit IIB

5.32

4.81

0.15

0.11

LCAZH_RS02230

agaF

fructose/mannose phosphotransferase system IIA component

6.32

5.48

0.11

0.10

LCAZH_RS13400

agaE

PTS system mannose/fructose/sorbose family transporter subunit IID

2.85

2.77

2.53

3.16

LCAZH_RS14220

celB

Oligo-beta-mannoside permease IIC component

1.90

2.02

2.08

0.63

LCAZH_RS14235

celC

PTS lactose/cellobiose transporter subunit IIA

2.25

2.12

2.16

0.24

LCAZH_RS09370

oadA

oxaloacetate decarboxylase subunit alpha

2.27

2.20

5.05

4.80

LCAZH_RS06625

pdhA

pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring) E1 component subunit alpha

3.58

3.48

1.32

1.28

LCAZH_RS06630

pdhB

alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase subunit beta

3.42

3.35

2.30

1.89

LCAZH_RS06635

pdhC

dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase

3.91

3.76

2.10

2.19

LCAZH_RS06640

pdhD

dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase

3.38

3.32

3.71

3.04

LCAZH_RS10410

accA

acetyl-CoA carboxylase carboxyl transferase subunit alpha

1.53

1.40

6.23

7.05

LCAZH_RS10435

accB

acetyl-CoA carboxylase biotin carboxyl carrier protein

0.98

0.98

10.69

15.83

LCAZH_RS10425

accC

acetyl-CoA carboxylase biotin carboxylase subunit

1.11

1.12

5.81

5.78

LCAZH_RS10415

accD

acetyl-CoA carboxylase carboxyltransferase subunit beta

1.39

1.37

5.24

5.65

LCAZH_RS10430

fabZ

3-hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydratase

1.23

1.16

8.91

8.94

LCAZH_RS10475

fabZ

beta-hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydratase

1.10

1.08

16.40

15.28

LCAZH_RS10455

fabK

nitronate monooxygenase

1.14

1.15

10.40

8.52

LCAZH_RS10465

fabH

ketoacyl-ACP synthase III

1.01

1.05

6.81

6.43

LCAZH_RS13840

asdA

aspartate 4-decarboxylase

1.12

1.11

3.31

3.38

LCAZH_RS08840

purQ

phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase subunit PurQ

0.21

0.27

0.24

0.31

LCAZH_RS08830

purF

amidophosphoribosyltransferase

1.31

1.35

0.16

0.21